Ematje aseRichtersveld
Umsebenti Wekwakhiwa Kwalendzawo
Umsebenti wekwakhiwa kwalendzawo awukho lula, uyacaka. Ngendlela umhlaba lome ngayo, imphilo yetihlahla, kutfolakala kwemnotfo emhlabatsini, nemasiko alendzawo, konkhe loku kucumene nematje akulendzawo. Singabuka masinyane indzaba yakulendzawo. Litje lekucala kulendzawo labonakala eminyakeni letigidzigidzi letendlulile. Beyatiwa njenge Orange River Group, lawa ngematje akadzeni, lachamuka emalahleni lavutsako. Loku kusabonakala nanyalo, endzaweni yaseRosyntjieberg, letfolakala endzaweni yekugcebeleka c.
Kuhlangana Kwematje
Loku kwalandzelwa sikhatsi lesidze lapho khona ematje bekahlangana nalamanye ematje emdzabu. Loku kwenta kwakheke lamanye ematje, lasuka eKnersvlakte (enhla eVanrhynsdorp) kuya eSteinkopf. Lena ndzawo nyalo seyatiwa ngekutsi yiNamaqualand Metamorphic Complex, njengoba lokushisa kwase subterranean kuhamba kulawa mantje kuwenta ahlangane. Lamatje lavutsako lamalahle abese ayacina abengematje. eRichtersveld, lokuhlangana kwalamatje lokufaka ekhatsi iVioolsdrift Suite, lelisukela kusukela kadzeni.
Ematje Laphetse Umsoco
Lenye intfo lemcoka lekufanele siyati, kutsi loku nakwenteka kuphindze kuvele ematje laphetse umsoco. Lawamatje lahlukene atfolakala lapho kwehlela khona, abitwa ngekutsi ngema Koperberg Suite. Lokungena kwe copper yase Namaqualand, kudlala indzima lenkhulu ekutfutfukeni kwalendzawo ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi. eminyakeni lengu 850 million lendlulile, indzawo yase Pangaea yacala yahlukana noma yacelelana, kwakheka lendzawo lesiyatiko nyalo. Loku kwenta kutsi kwakheke lwandle enhla naseshonalanga kuhamba kundlula eNamaqualand lesiyatiko nyalo. Tintfo takhukhuleka tasuka eHinterland tayongena kulomsele, kwakheka iGariep Group.
iVandersterr neStinkfontein
eRichtersveld, leti tintfo letakhekako kucabangwa kutsi tifike tihlangane takheke phansi kwentsaba. Loku kwenta kutsi kuphume emanti bese kwakheka iLimestone neDolomite. Lawamatje atfolana nekushisa phindze nekucindzeteleka, lokwawenta kutsi ahlangane nendzawo lengagebhuki eStinkfontein. Lenye incenye yeStinkfontein yiKaigas, kuhlangana kwematje eTillite. Tintsaba taseVandersterr naseStinkfontein (leyatiwa njengekutsi ngumgogodla waseRichtersveld) bayincenye yakulendzawo. Leti tintsaba timcoka ekuphileni kwetilwane netihlahla ngoba tisebenta kutivikela kutsi tingatfoli umoya locinile kakhulu. Loku ngulesinye wetizatfu letenta kutsi eRichtersveld utfole timbali letinhle kakhulu.
iNama nema Numees
lokwalandzela, nasibuka eminyakeni lengu 570 million lendlulile, kwaba khona kulahlelwa kwetintfu letikhukhulekile kwakheke imindeni yeNama neNumees, leyakhiwe ngeDolomite, Limestone, Shale kanye nematje esanti. Eminyakeni lengu 540 million lendlulile, umndeni wematje lacondzile angenelwa iKuboos-Bremen suite yematjana lenteka kusuka enhla kuya entasi. Intsaba yasePloegberg (dvutane nemphakatsi waseKuboes) nendzawo yaseTatasberg pluton (letfolakala endzaweni yekugcebeleka eRichtersveld).
Ema Plutons ayincenye wematje lamakhulu lakheka nakuphuma emalahle lavutsako. Lesinye sibonelo sePluton litje lelidvume kakhulu lelatiwa njenge kutsi Paarl (Pearl), letfolakala entasi kwe Western Cape. eminyakeni lenhlulile lengu450 million, kwacubeka kwaba nekuhlukana, kwakheka indzawo nyalo leyatiwa ngekutsi yi ‘South – western cape’. Letintfo letikhukhulekako, letita nemhlabatsi lomubi wase Cape Floral Kingdom (lokuphindze kwatiwe ngekutsi yiFynbos).
Translated by
Thandokuhle Motha
