Ukufuya Iimbuzi eSewula Afrika

© Roger de la Harpe

Inarha yeSewula Africa ingumkhiqizi omncani weembuzi, ezingabalelwa ku-3% kwaphela kwezikhiqizwa e-Afrika nezinga phasi kuka-1% zephasi. Iimbuzi zitholakala esifundeni se-Eastern Cape, Limpopo naKwaZulu Natal nekuzimfunda ezibakhiqizi abakhulu, zifika pheze ku-70% yazozoke iimbuzi ezikhiqizwako.
Iimbuzi eSewula Afrika zifuyelwa ukwenzela bona kubenenyama, ibisi nomthiya (mohair kanye-cashmere).

Inyama, Ibisi Nomthiya Weembhuzi

©SA Milch Goat Breeders Society
Iimbuzi zenyama eziqakatheke khulu kilaba abazifuye ngehloso yokuthengisa inyama ziimbuzi ze-Boer, Savanna ne-Kalahari Red ezikhiqiza isibalo esincani se-cashmere. Inyama yembuzi ibizwa nge-chevon (esuselwa embuzini edala) nofana-cabrito okuku lokha inyama nakungeyesilwane esincani. I-chevon inamafutha amancani ahlangana na50-60% kunenyama yekomo enamaprotheyini afanako. I-chevon inamafutha amancani kunenyama yekukhu. Inarha ye-Lesotho ikhamba phambili ekuthengeni inyama ye-chevon, ibalelwa ku74% i-chevon ethengiswe yiSewula Africa emakethe yokurhwebelana nezinye iinarha ngonyaka ka-2016.
Ukusetjenziswa kwemithiya yefuyo yembuzi kuyindlela enye yokuletha imali engezelelweko eSewula Afrika. Ngalekwalokho, ukusungula amabubulo amancani wezokulima atjhugulula umthiya ukwenza ipahla yokwelukwa kuletha amathuba womsebenzi eendaweni zemakhaya.
Irhubhululo elenziwe eSewula Afrika litjengisa bona iimbuzi zendabuko ezifana nembuzi ye-boer, zinengkhumba ezimbili-uboya obumakghwakghwa bokuyivikela nobufeyini nofana umhlobo womthiya we-cashmere. Inani lomthiya we-cashmere latholakala bona alifiki ezingeni elivumeleke kobana kungangarhwetjwa ngabo.
Izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-cashmere lifuze libonwe ngedlela yokobana, ngalesi isikhathi iimbuzi zifuywe ngomnqopho wokukhiqiza inyama nebisi- i-cashmere yomhlobo we-down fibre ekhiqizwako awusetjenziswa. Ngesizathwesi, kuqakathekile ukulinganisa umkhiqizo wenyama neyomthiya.
Iimbuzi zomhlobo we-Angora (Capra hircus aegagrus) zikhiqiza i-mohair bese kuthi zomhlobo we-Russian Gorno Altai zikhiqize i-cashmere-ekumthiya ofeyini nge18.5 µm (micrometer). Abafuyi beSewula Africa bakhiqiza i-mohair engaba yi-60% yayo yoke i-mohair ekhiqizwa ephasini loke, khulukhulu esifundeni se-Karoo e-Eastern Cape, i-mohair enengi ithengiselwa ezinye iinarha isuka ethekwini le-Port Elizabeth.
Iimbuzi ezifuyelwe ukukhiqiza ibisi ngeze-Saanen, Toggenburg kanye neze-British Alpine. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ziimbuzi ze-milch. Iintengo yebisi lembuzo likhambisana nekhwalithi yalo. Ibisi lembuzi line-lactose encani kunebizi lekomo begodu line-no A1 casein, ekuyiphrotheyini engaba ukuvuvuka kabanengi abayisebenzisako.

Iimbuzi Zesikhaya eSewula Afrika

©Marinda Louw
‘Iimbuzi zesikhaya‘ zimhlobo eyahlukahlukeneko ezifuyelwe umkhiqizo omncani begodu zisetjenziselwa iindingo zomndeni ezinjengokwenza isitjhebo nokwenja ibisi, ukuya ngendingo zomphakathi. Iimbuzi zesikhaya nazo ziyaba nayo i-cashmere ngesikhathi sebusika.
Iimbuzi zesikhaya zifunyanwa khulukhulu esifundeni se-Eastern Cape. Imbuzi yekhaya ayithathwa njengembuzi yokukhiqiza inyama (ngombana inomzimba omncani) begodi ayithathwa njengembuzi yebisi ngombana ikhiqiza ibisi elilingana amaputwana wayo.
Abafuyi abarhweba ngembuzi bafuya iimbuzi zomhlobo we-Boer ne-Angora kuthi laba ababafuyi abasakhasako bafuye iimbuzi zesikhaya emaplasini ebahlala kiwo. Iimbuzi zesikhaya zingaba yi-65% yeembuzi eziseSewula Africa, imihlobo emithathu yeembuzi zenyama okuyi-Boer, Kalahari Red neze-Savanna zenziwa ngokukhetha kuhle nokuhlanganisa iimbuzi zesikhaya ezahlukeneko.

Translated by Lizzy Shongwe