Ostrich
Inciliba

© Peter Delaney
Ostrich.

Ukuvela nokwakheka kwayo

Inciliba (struthio camelus) ililunga lesiqhema seenyoni ezaziwa ngokuthi ma-ratites,ngokuthi zimlobo ongaphaphiko begodu ezingana kuguqa ukuya ethanjeni lesifuba sayo. Kizo zoke iinyoni zomhlobo ezibalelwa eenkulungwaneni ezi-8,600 eziphilako namhlanje, inciliba ikulwazo nofan ngekulu kunazo zoke. Iphakamile nayijamileko, ngemilenzayo emide, injalo nje inentamo ede, egobeneko eyande ngombala omhlophe. Umzimbayo olilunda walezo eziduna umbeswe masiba wombala onzima kuthi amaphiko kanye nencenye yesiphetho somsila sibenombala omhlophe. Esikazi inombala ozotho nomhlophe. Nokho iinyonezi njengombana zivamise ukuphakama ngamamitha amabili nambili (2.6 m) kanye nesilinganiso sobudisi esimakhilogremu alikhulu namasumi amathathu nahlanu (135 kg), azikghoni ukuphapha, kodwana zigijima ngebelo eliphezulu.

Ukudla

Iinciliba zimhlobo weenyoni ezidla iimilo kwaphela, zidla utjani, umomori kanye neembewu, nanyana kesinye isikhathi zidla iinunwana nje. Ziginya amatjana amancani amanengi ukwenzela ukusizeka nayigaya ukudla okuqinileko esidlelweni begodu kuyisiza ukutjisa.

Ukubekelisana nokuhlangana neduna

Iinciliba zihlangana neduna ipilwazo yoke, begodu zifukamela amaqanda ngokubambisana. Iinciliba ziba nesakhiwo esifaka hlangana ubulili obuhlukeneko. Eziduna zesifunda zilwela ummhlambi wentathu ukuya kezihlanu ezisikazi. Ukuhlangana kwazo kuvame ukukhonjiswa ngokuhlebahleba kanye nokujayiva. Naziqeda ukuhlukaniseka ngokuya ngalezo ezihlanganako nezibekelisanako, kezinye zeenndawo iinciliba zihlanganyela isidleke kuvikeleke amaqanda avamise ukuba lisumi nane ukuya kamasumi asithandathu. Isidleke sazo sivamise ukuba sehlabathini lapho zivamise ukurhubha khona umgodi otjhingela ngegadango linye ukuya kamabili. Iqanda linye libalelwa ema-intjhini asithandathu ngobude, ama-intjhi amahlanu ngobubanzi, kanti-ke anesilinganiso esimaphawundi amathathu, begodu anombala ohlotjhana okurhanyazelako. Anjalo nje athatha amalanga amasumi amathathu nahlanu ukuya kamasumi amane ukuthi aqoqoselwe.
Eduna nenamasiba amanengi anzima, ihlala phezu kwamaqanda ebusuku, kuthi leyo yombala ozotho okufipheleko, evamise ukubekela amaqanda amasumi amabili, iwahlalela emini kwaphela. Lokhu kwenza bonyana isidleke sayo singabonakali lula. Nayithuselweko lokha isesidlekeni esikazi ivamise ukupatalalisa intamayo phasi ehlabathini, bese ihlanganisa iinsiba zomzimbayo nephasi. Iinciliba, ziphambene nekolelo edumileko ngazo, azibulungi nofana zihlome iinhloko zazo ehlabathini. Naziqeda ukuqoqosela amadzinyana, kuba ngeduna evamise ukuwatlhogomela ukufikela lapho akhula khona ngokwaneleko nalapho akghona ukuzijamela.

Iinciliba ezifuyiweko

Iinciliba zipheze zaqedwa nya ngesikhathi se-18th century ngebanga lokuzunya kweensiba zayo. Kuthe phakathi kwe-19th century, ngonobangela wokufuywa kwazo khulu emaplasini kwandise isibalo sazo. Ijimeli litjhugulukele ekufuyweni kanye nekupheni isibindi ubukhona beenciliba, esikhundleni sokuzunywa kwazo. Iinciliba zifuyeke ngepumelelo begodu njenganje sele zitholakala emaplasini umhlaba zombelele, khulukhulu eSewula Afrika, lapho zisetjenziselwa inyama, neensiba zazo kanye nesikhumba. Isikhumba sayo sivamise ukutjhukwa ukufikela lapho sele senzelwa ifetjheni efaka hlangana amabhudzu neenkhwama.

Indawo yokuhlala

Inengi leenciliba zomango zitholakala ngokuhlukaniseka ngeenqhema eTjhingalanga kanye neSewula Afrika kuthi inengi lazo liphile eenthalelweni nofana eenciwini zeembandana ezivikelekileko epumalanga yenarhakazi. Zaziwa ngokuhlala eendaweni ezomileko begodu zikghona ukuphila nofana zijamelane nokoma okubalelwa emaphesendeni amasumi amabili nahlanu (25%).