Leopard
Ingwe

© Shem Compion

Igama

Ingwe [Panthera pardus]

Ukwakheka nokuvela kwayo

Izingwe zinamacatjhaza nofana amabalabala ahleleke ngokuzibuyelela abonakala hlangana nemibala ethanda ukuba sarilana okuqarheke ngamabala aligolide. Inomhlobo wamabala anzima kwaphela umzimba woke kanye nehloko. Umsilayo unobumhlophe ngaphasi encenyeni yesiphetho sawo. Umhlobo lo wakakatsu wakheke ngobukhulu kanye nangendlela ebonakala iqinile ukudlula ihlosi. Isilinganiso sobude bomzimbayo nabuhlanganiswe nehloko bubalelwa emitheni yinye nesithandathu ukuya emamitheni amabili nanye (1.6 to 2.1 m), kuthi umsilayo ubesilinganiso sobude obuyimitha eyi-0.68 – 1.1 m. Izingwe ezisikazi zincani kunalezo eziduna begodu zinesilinganiso sobudisi obumakhilogremu alisumi nekhomba ukuya kamasumi asithandathu (17-60 Kg), kuthi eziduna zibe nesilinganiso esingaba makhilogremu amasumi amabili ukuya kamasumi alithoba (20-90 Kg). Isilinganiso sobude bokuphakama kwayo bumamilimitha amakhulu alikhomba ukuya emakhulwini abunane (700-800 mm). Ingwe imhlobo othatha ubujamo besibili kibokatsu abakhulu enarhakazini ye-Afrika, begodu itjhagala khulu ebusuku.

Ukudla

Imihlobohlobo yokudla kwayo kucinisekisa bona ingwe ikghona ukuphila kesinye nesinye isimo nangenye nenye into. Nanyana izingwe zaziwa ngokudla iinyamazana ezincani nezikulu kwaphela nje, zikhe zabonakala zidla iimfene, amavindo, iimbila, iimfesi, neembhadwa kanye neempungtjha. Ngesikhathi sendlala nalokha kungekho ezingakudla, zidla iinunwana kanye namakhondlo. Zaziwa njengeenlwani ezikghona ukusinda nokuphulurha khulu eendaweni ezisemiphakathi kanye nemadorobheni.

Ukuzala nokukhulisa

Amadzinyana ziwazala kesinye nesinye isikhathi sonyaka njengombana zingasiwo umhlobo ozala ngesikhathi esisodwa sonyaka. Amadzinyani la azalwa ngemva kwesikhathi sekambiso yokumitha esiziinyanga ezintathu nesiquntu, begodu zivamise ukuzala amadzinyana amabii nofana amathathu eendaweni ezifihlakeleko ezimigodi ephakathi kwamahlathi aminyeneko. Ingwe idlala indima ekuvikeleni amadzinyanayo ngokuwafihlela iinwani ezifaka hlangana amabhubezi, iinhlosi, iimpisi njengombana amadzinyana la kulula khulu bona ziwadle ngaphandle kukulwa nawo. Amadzinyana la avamise ukuhlala nabonina isikhathi esingango nyaka, begodu ngaleso isikhathi afundiswa amaqhinga wokuzijamela nofana wokusinda kanye nokuphila ipilo yomango.

Ukuziphatha

Emini zilala eendaweni ezifihlekileko kuthi ebususku zikhambe ziyokuzuma, kodwana kezinye iindawo zijayeleke ngokuzuma emini. Iqhinga lazo lokuzuma kukhamba zikhukhutha nokusahlela iinlwani ezikulu ngokuthi zizilume emphinjeni ukwenzela ukuzibulala lula. Iinlwanyana ezincani zibulawa ngokuziluma ngemuva kwentamo begodu loko kurholela ekutheni igcine sele iyiphule inceneye yomgogodlha.
Ngaphambi kobana zithome ukudla zithoma ngokususa amaboya nofana isikhumba ukwenzela ukudla inyama ethambileko engaphakathi. Iinsalela zalokho ozikubuleleko ezifana namathumbu, zimbeswa ngotjani kanye nokurhubhela ngaphasi kwehlabathi. Zimhlobo weenlwani ezikghona ukweqa nokukhwela imithi lula khulu, kanengi nazibangiswa lokho ezikubambileko zibangiswa ngezinye iinlwani eziyingozi, zithatha insalela nofana ingcubu zikhwele nayo emthini ziyiphanyeke emagatjeni womuthi. Izingwe eziduna zivamise ukuvikela umhlambazo ovamise ukufaka hlangana embili kanye neentathu ezisikazi. Ezisikazi nazo zivamise ukuvikela iinkhundla zazo kilezo ezisikazi njengazo, lokha zilinga ukungenelela.

Ikhaya

Izingwe zikghona ukubekezela nokujamela obunye nobunye ubujamo bezulu begodu zitholakala eendaweni ezinengi. Zitholakala emahlangothini weendawo ezisemalwandle, ukuya emamitheni aziinkulungwana embili (2000 m) ngehhla kwelwandle, emahlathini, emahralawumbeni, eenkhothini, eentabeni, eendaweni ezineenthurhu kanye nemadwaleni. Azikathembeli emanzini atholakala ehlabathini kwaphela. Umhlobo lo ongusiyazi ekukhukhutheni utlhoga iindawo ezinemithunzi, amahlathi wemithi edege kanye namadwala. Nanyana inani lazo likhamba liphunguka ngokukhamba kweminyaka, izingwe zisatholakala pheze eentabeni ezinengi kanye namahlathini anemithi emikhulu weSewula Afrika, kodwana ngaphandle kwamaplasi avaleleke ngokuzeleko.

Lapho zitholakala khona

Izingwe zingatholakala eendaweni zemvelo ezingaphakathi kweenciwi zeembandana ezizele iSewula Afrika yoke. Iinciwezi zifaka hlangana i-Kruger National Park, eMpumalanga, ne-Pilanesberg National Park esesiFundeni seTlhagwini Tjhingalanga. Izingwe ezimaqalanga ziyatholakala entabeni eyaziwa nge-Drakensberg Mountain Range, eenciwini zeembandana zangeqadi kanye nakamanye amaplasini azele iSewula Afrika yoke.