Irherho Elinganawo Kanye Nenkukhu Izikhiqizwa Ngaphandle Kokusebetjenziswa Kwamakhemikhali

© Chris Daly

Ngeskhathi sokutlola i-athikile le iSewula Africa gade inganawo umthetho wokubusa ukulebula kwenkukhu ezikhiqizwe ngaphandle kokusetjenziswa kwamakhemikhali Njengombana ungekho umthetho lo, abathengisi abanengi kanye namavikili amanengi azitlamela zawo intandadi zokobana umkhiqizo loyo ubizwe bona ngokhiqizwe ngaphandle kokusetjenziswa kwamakhemikhali.

Ukutjhaphuluka Ngendlela Ezihlanu

©Chris Daly
Ihlangano ye-South African Poultry Association izitlamele zayo intandadi eziyikomba abakhiqizini benkukhu zenyama kanye nalezo ezibekela amaqanda Ngokuya ngokomthethwabo, zoke iinyoni, kungaba ngezikhuliselwe ngendlini, amahogweni nanyana ezikhiqizwe ngaphandle kokusetjenziswa kwamakhemikhali kufanele zithole itjhaphuluko ngendlela ezihlanu.
  • Itjhaphuluko yokungaphathwa yindlala, ukondleka kuhle, ukungomi, ngokobana zithole amanzi afretjhi kanye nokudla.
  • Itjhaphuluko yokobana zingabi nevalo, zingagandeleleki ngokomkhumbulo ngokuzibeka ebujameni obuzokwenza bona zingatlhagi.
  • Itjaphuluko yokobana zingahlaliswa kuhle ngokuzinikela amahlalo aneleko
  • Itjhaphuluko yokobana zingaziswa ubuhlungu, zingalinyazwa, nokobana zingabanjwa malwelwe ngokuzinikela ipengu msinya ngemva kokobana sele ubonile bona ziyagula
  • Itjhaphuluko yokobana zikghone ukuziphatha ngendlela ejwayelekileko, ngokobana uzinikele indawo eyaneleko, endaweni efaneleko nakezinye iinlwana ezifana nazo.

Umkhiqizo Werherho Elitjhaphulukileko

©Chris Daly
Ibhoduluko langaphakathi
Ukwenzela bona ama-broilers abonwe njengomkhiqizo werherho elitjhaphulukileko, umthetho i-the Broiler Production Code of Practice uveza bona akungabi nenkunkhu ezidlula isumi nahlanu e-square mitheni sinye ngendlini yenkunkhu nanyana ngehogweni. Inaneli liyehla lithi akube nenkhukhukazi azilisumi ezidala e-square mitheni ngasinye nangabe ihloso kukukhiqiza amaqanda akhiqizwe ngaphandle kokusetjenziswa kwamakhemikhali, endaweni lapha kubuthelelwa khona amaqanda, kungakabalwa indawo lapha kunamabhokisi anenrurhu.
Ubunengi benkhukhukazi bungangezelelwa zibe yisumi nambili i-square mitha ngasinye endlini ezine perching yamambala. Ama- perching layo akukafaneli abekwe ebangeni eliyi-15 cm lapha kuneskhukhukazi ngasinye begodu kufanele kufakwe hlangana indawo emahlangothini engaba okungasenani yi-15 cm per isikhukhukazi ngasinye begodu ibe nendawo ngemaqadi womabili, enobukhulu obungasenani be-1,5 cm ukwenzela bona iinkhukhukazi bona zidose ama-perches layo ngaphandle kokuzilimaza, ngokuya komthetho we -Pullet Rearing and Table Egg Production Code of Practice.
Kufanele iinkhukhukazi zenzelwe iinrurhu ezaneleko ukwenzela bona zijwayele ukubekela kizo,zingabekeli phasi eflurini. Lapha kusetjenziswa amabhokisi ahlukeneko, kufanele kube nekungasenani isirurhu sinye esenzelwe iinkhukhukazi ezibunane bese kuthi lapha zihlanganyela khona iinrurhu, kube nekungasenani i-square mitha sinye lapha kunesirurhu enkhukukazini ezingaba -125.
Iinkukhu zamaqanda kufanele zibe nomkhanyo owaneleko: Ubuncani bakhona kube ma-iri alithoba kukhanya bha njengemini nanyana kumkhanyo wokuzenzela, ngesikhatheso samairi ayi-24 kuqinywe amalerhe isikhathi esingaba ma iri abunane.
Ngemikhiqizo yama-broiler neyenkukhu ezibekela amaqanda, akube yisikhukhukazi sinye esidala kumasethimitha amahlanu wobude benkotlelo zayo zokudlela /-feeders ezifakwe ngendlini zibotjhwe nge-chain nanyana ngebhokisi le-feeder ongalithola emahlangothini womabili.Akubemasethimitha akisumu iskhukhukazi ngasinye nangabe kusetjenziswa ihlangothi linye. Nangabe kusetjenziswa i-feeder yepani namkhana yetjhubhu akusetjenziswe iinkhukhukazi ezidala eziyi-40 i-feeder ngayinye.
Ibhoduluko langaphandle
Umthetho lo uyahlathulula bona ubujamo bebhoduluko obufanako bangaphandle benkukhu ezikhiqizwe ngaphandle kokusetjenziswa kwamakhemikhali zamaqanda namtjhana zenyama. Ubunengi benkukhu ngaphandle kwendlu akukafaneli budlule iinkukhu ezisihlanu i-square mitha ngasinye. Ukwetjiwa kwenlwane kukhandela ukulethwa kwamanye amarherho wangaphandle.
Indawo yangaphandle lapha kubekwa khona iinkukhu, kufanele itlhogonyelwe ngokuvumela ekungasenani amaphesendi ayi-55 wemmila eziphilako ngasosoke isikhathi.Amadlelo angarhelebha ngokutlhogomela kwendawo eyonakeleko begodu ehlise ubungozi bokobana kwakhele iinsikizi.
Iinyoni kufanele zithole umthunzi, kungaba ngendlela yokobana kube nemithi nanyana kungabayini eyakhelwe ukuzenzela umthunzi, akubemthunzi ongaba zi-square mitha ezine eyenzelwe iinkukhu eziyi-1000.Iinyoni kufanele zithole umthunzi begodu zibenedarada eyaneleko ezivikela kwezinye iinlwana ezingazizingela.

Umkhiqizo Okhiqizwe Ngaphandle Kwamakhemikhali

©Chris Daly
Abalimi basebenzisa iinhlangano ezizijameleko ukusethifaya imikhiqizo yabo njengeyenziwe ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali.Iinhlanganwezo ngayinye ngayinye zinenfuno zazo. Nanyana kunjalo imikhiqizo kufanele ibizwe bona ngenziwe ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali lokha nayikhuliswe ngokwemvelo, ngaphandle kokusetjenziswa kwemvundisi kanye nezinye izinto ezibulala iinunwana.

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana