Umgomo: Umhlaba
Ngama-1950, incwadi ethi 'I-Target: Earth' yashicilelwe lapho abalobi bephakamisa ukuthi ama-dinosaurs(izilwane eza phila kudala) aphela ngenxa yomthelela omkhulu wenkanyezi enomsila. Ngo-1959, uRobert Dietz wahlola amasayithi amaningana 'okwaqhuma khona' futhi waqaphela ama-shattercones okokuqala. UDietz uphinde wabikezela ukuthi ama-shattercones ayotholakala eVredefort Dome, lapho usosayensi waseNingizimu Afrika wachaza ngokucacile ngonyaka ozayo. UDietz waqhubeka echaza ama-shattercones eSakhiwo esikhulu sase-Sudbury eCanada.Kuwo wonke ama-1950s, uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezindlini zocwaningo kwanezela isisindo sombono wempikiswano. Ukuhlolwa kwe-nyukliya nakho kwaba nengxenye, lapho ososayensi bethola ukuthi amandla avela ngamabhomu anamandla aqhaqhaza amadwala azungezile futhi enza inguqukosimo ezinkulu, ezifana nalezo ezitholakala emigodini yezintaba-mlilo.
Usosayensi Womkhathi Kanye Nomhlaba
Ngama-1960, amadoda angena emkhathini futhi aqala ukuthatha izithombe ze-satellite zesimiso somhlaba nenyanga. Lokhu kwandisa izingqondo zososayensi kanye nomphakathi jikelele ngokufanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uGene Shoemaker 'usosayensi womkhathi kanye nomhlabathi' ephayona eqhuba uphenyo olunzulu lweMeteor Crater.Wabe eqhathanisa lokho okutholwe ngokuhlaziywa kwamanye amasayithi entabamlilo eyaziwayo. Ukungafani okuphawulekayo akutholakele ekugcineni kwafakazela ukuthi umgodi wentabamlilo ubangelwe umcimbi onomthelela hhayi nge ngokuqhuma kwentabamlilo noma enye. Wabe eseqhubeka nokugqugquzela umqondo wesayensi yomthelela, okuphakamisa ukuthi umthelela wezenzakalo ungabangela ushintsho lwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni, futhi lokho kuthinta imicimbi ejwayelekile kakhulu endaweni yonke.
U-Shoemaker wabuye wafundisa abashayeli bezinhlelo zokuya enyangeni mayelana nezakhiwo zemigodi futhi wabatshela ukuthi bahlale behlose izintambo zenyanga ezithakazelisayo. Amadwala abuyisela enyangeni abonisa ukuhlukunyezwa okufanayo kwalawo atholakala eMhlabeni, futhi basiza ukuxazulula impikiswano yenyanga.
Namuhla, uShoemaker uyaziwa kakhulu njengengxenye yeqembu elingaziwa ukuthi lihlaziye i-comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, elaliphazamise emkhathini we-Jupiter ngo-1994, ngemiphumela emangalisayo. U-Gene Shoemaker washona ngo-1997 kanti umlotha wakhe wathunyelwa enyangeni. Ngeshwa, lesi senzeke sabhidliza enyangeni, okwakuyojabulisa indoda endala kakhulu.
Ulwazi Oluvukelayo
Ekhuthazwa yilo lwazi olusanda kuvela mayelana nomthelela wezehlakalo, ososayensi emhlabeni wonke baqala ukuhlola kabusha imigodi ephezu kwentabamlilo (njengeNördlinger Ries Crater eJalimane). Ngokuphindaphindiwe, bathola ama-shattercones, amadwala encibilekile, ama-metamorphics ezithakazelisayo nezinye iziginesha ezinomthelela, ezichazwe ngenhla. Uhlu lwezimpembezo eziqinisekisiwe zakhula ngenkathi abasekeli bokuqhuma kwezintabamlilo okungaqondakali behla.Translated by Nsika Khoza