Ditshimo tsa le Dikwetla tsa Afrika Borwa

© Roger de la Harpe
South Africans are over-reliant on maize and should diversity their diets to include more indigenous fruit and vegetables.
Ka tlwaelo ho ja mefuta ya ditholwana le meroho e netefatsa bophelo bo botle ba mefuta ya dikwetla. Dikwetla di ya hlokahala boloka mmele o phetse hantle le kelello e le matla mmho le ho hodisa bana le tswelapele hantle.
Ho dula o phetse hantle ho dijo tse nepahetseng ka nako tsohle ho hlokahala dijo ho tswa dihlopheng tse supileng tse kang: setatjhe, ditholwana le meroho e foreshe, dinawa tse omisitsweng, nama (e kgubedu, kgoho, tlhapi kapa mahe), lebese, mafura le metsi.
Ka ho kenya ditshimotsa lapeng ho fana ka dikwetla tse fapaneng mefuteng yohle ya dihlopha tsa dijo mme phepo e netefaditswe. Mohlala, dinawa tse tala di nale protein e hodimo le tshepe (mme e ka sebediswa jwalo ka nama), ha tholwana ya milkwood e kgubedu e ena le vitamin C. E bohlokwa haholo, tshimo tsena di ka etswa dirapeng tse nyane, dipolotong mmoho le tlhahong e hlaha.
Boemong ba naha tekanyo ya tlhahiso Afrika Borwa e lekane, hantle ntle, naha e rekisetsa dinaha tse ding nete ya dirapa tsa dijo. Ntle le hona, dimiliyone tse 14 tsa batho ba Afrika Borwa ba tsebahala ho se be le dijo tse nang le dikwetla.
Tsamaiso ya dijo ya afrika Borwa e itshetlehile feela ho dirapa tse seng kae mme ho nale tshepelo e ka hodimo ho poone. Ho nale ho theoha ho holo ha tlhahiso ya dijo le mohopolo o mobe wa hore dirapa tsa dijo tsa lapeng di ke tsa batho ba futsanehileng.
South Afrika e boeong ba boraro lefatshe ka mefuta. Tiisetso ena ya tlhaho e dutse Afrika Borwa mme e dibakeng tsa mahae. Mahaeng, dijo tsa lapeng di ka qala karolo e hlokolosi bophelo mahaeng. Setjhaba se ka tshepela dijong tsa lapeng ho ntlafatsa tsela ya ho ja le ho ba thusa ho feta nakong e boima.

Tlala e Patehileng Afrika Borwa

Jwalo ka ha ho sena bobaki bo tletseng ba tekanyo e tletseng ya tlala Afrika Borwa, di palo tsa setjhaba ho ena le bothata ba tlala e patilweng e leng ho hlokahala ha dikwetla le ho ata ha monono o fetelletseng le kgolo e mpe ya bana.
Dithuto tsa dibaka tsa bofuma diprofinsing tse nne tsa Afrika Borwa tse entsweng ka 2013 – 2015, tse entsweng ke Water Research Commission (WRC) le Yunivesiti ya Pretiria di bontsha ha dihlaiswa tsa dirapa di kenya letsoho haholo dijong.
Dithuto di bontsha ha malapa boholo a kgona ho reka phofo ya poone mme moo lekeno le hlokahalang, phofo ena e jowa ka eie e monate le tamati kapa khabetjhe. Dithuto di kwetse ka hore dijo di ha dina mefuta e hlokehang bakeng sa tlhahiso e nepahetseng le kgolo ya bana. Ho fumanehile hape kamano dipakeng tsa kgolo ya dirapa le boleng bo phahameng ba dijo tsa lapeng. Ha re eketsa, lekeno la temo le ho nosetsa tlhahiso ya dirapa ho nyollotse ho jowaha nama, mahe, ditholwana le meroho.
Dithuto di hape di tsebia hore ke dirapa tse phahamisadikwetla. Meroho ya makgasi a matala bo lefifi jwalo ka sepinitjhe, makgasi a bete, bobatsi, nightshade, amaranth le blackjack di di ya kgothaletswa le tsona jwalo ka meroho e kang mokopu, pepere e tala, lethisi, tamati le mooko ba bana.
Ditholwana le tsona di phahamisa dikwetla dijong mme tse holang Afrika Borwa tse kenyeletsang: mango, papaya, avogado, marula le lehapu. Metso e kang amadumbe le patata di dumelletswe ho ya le mofuta, e kenyeletsang matokomane a fatshe a Bambara, dinawa le matokomane.
Mahlale a metsi dirapeng tsa dijo, dirapa tse sa hlokeng metsi a mangata, ho kenyelletsa le amadumbe, patata, sekwatjhe, meroho ya Afrika e makgasi, dinawa, eggplant, pepere e tala, eie, lehapu, feie, louat le legumes.
Dikgothaletso tse ding tsa dithuto di kenyelletsa:
Kgodiso ya dirapa tse dihlahla jwalo ka bete.
Ho kotula ka pula kapa ho kenya dinosetsa ho nosetsa dirapa.
Dipeipi le tepe ya fatshe di ka hlokeha dibakeng tse ommeng.
Tswalo ya dikwetla tsa serapa se teteaneng ho wa hlokeha, haholo bakeng sa tlhokeho ya serapa ka nngwe jwalo ka bete.

Translated by Sebongile Sonopo