Ukuphawuleka Ngokomlandu kwe Robben Island

Eminyakeni Yo 1700

©Roger de la Harpe
Idume kakhulu ngokuthi indawo uNelson Mandela achitha kuyo impilo yakhe cishe yonke eminyakeni ewu 30, i-Robben Island enokuningi okuphawulekayo ngayo eNingizimu Afrika. Yaqala isetshenziswa njengenqolobane yezemvelo lakhona imikhumbi yayifike igcine khona amaqanda o penguin. Emva kokuba lokho kuphelile kwabe sekwethulwa izimvu nonogwaja. Kulesosikhathi, abagqwedli bemikhumbi abenze amacala besemikhumbini yabo babelahlwa khona esiqhingini baphile noma bafele khona.
Lesiqhingi, esiyibangana nje osebeni lolwandle lwaseKapa, saba ngesokuqala ukubopha osopoltiki eminyakeni yo 1700 nkashana amaSulumane ase Indonesia ayemelene nombuso wama Dutch ayegqonywa khona. Nangesikhathi sezimpi ezazibizwa nge Eastern Cape Frontier Wars ngeminyaka yo 1800, Abaholi bakwaXhosa, okubandakanya nombholofithi wezempi uMakana, bagqonywa khona ngamakoloni ombuso wase Europe. Emva kwalokho yaphenduka ikoloni lesibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo futhi yase iba yinqaba Yempi Yomhlaba Yesibili phambi kokuba iphendulwe ijele lohlupho embusweni wobandlulo. Yacishe yayindawo kamagendane wokugembula ephakathi osebeni. Nokho ngenhlanhla manje isiyisiqhingi samasiko nemvelo.

Translated by Sbonelo Ngema