Amakreyithi Okugcina iiHagu

©Glenneis Kriel
Piglets are allowed to move safely to and from the sow in farrowing pens.
Amakreyithi okugcina iihagu kulunge kakhulu okokuba umfama ofuye iihagu abenawo. Iimazi ziye zifakwe kulama kreyithi isithuba seveki phambi kokuba zihanjiswe ziye zigcinwe de amantshontsho alunyulwe kwibele xa enentsuku ezingama shumi amabini ananye (21) ukuya kwintsuku ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo (28) ubudala. Ukuhanjiswa kwe mazi kufanele kwenzeke kwindawo enye kwi kreyithi, logama amantshontsho ekwazi ukuhamba hamba ngokukhululekileyo ukuya komama aphume engena.
Ngoko mthetho wezentlala kahle we South African Pork Producers Organisation (SAPPO), iimazi azinakufakwa kulama kreyithi xa kusele intsuku ezisixhenxe phambi kokuba zizale kwaye akufunekanga zigcinwe ngapha kweveki ezintandathu emveni kokuzala kuwo.

Okuyi Nzuzo

©Glenneis Kriel
In the absence of farrowing pens, sows should have enough space to protect the piglets from other pigs.
Amatsha ntliziyo ezilwanyana angaphikisana nama kreyithi athi kukukhohlakala, kodwa ke inyaniso yeyokuba lama kreyithi ancedana nempilo yeehagu ngokuqinisekisa ubushushu obulungele iihagwana nee mazi nokuthintela iimazi zinganyatheli okanye ziwe phezu kwe hagwana.
Ngaphandle koku, akhusela ihagwana kwizifo neenkumbi eziluma izilwanyana kuba lama kreyithi ayacocwa rhoqo kubulawe izifo phambi kokuba kufakwe iimazi. Kwixesha elininzi iimazi ziyavaswa zikhutshwe iintshulube phambi kokuba zifakwe kulama kreyithi.
Ukongeza, lama kreyithi avumela amafama ukuba ancede iimazi xa zizala nokujonga ukutya, amanzi nempilo yee mazi neehagwana. Kubalulekile oku, kuba amashumi amathandathu anesihlanu we pesenti (65%) ukufa kwamantshontsho kwenzeka kwiveki yokuqala ezelwe.

Okunga Lunganga Ngama Kreyithi

©Glenneis Kriel
Good design and good hygiene helps to prevent problems in farrowing crates.
Xa ujonga kwi website ethi “Farming Truth”, okulungileyo “kungaphezulu koko kubi” xa kuthethwa ngala makreyithi kwaye ayisosiqhelo kumafama alapha eMzantsi Afrika kuphela, kodwa nase United Kingdom, Europe, nase United States. Eyona ngxaki lixabiso, kuba lama kreyithi amaxabiso awo aphezulu kwaye uphinde wongeze ukucoca nombane. Ubomi beehagu bugcineka kakuhle, izinga lokufa liyancipha kwaye ukukhula kuba ngcono, konke oku kubaluncedo exesheni.
Okunye ke okungalunganga ngamakreyithi kukuba iihagu zingonzakala angenza neengxaki zempilo, ezifana nezilonda ezinyaweni noku yeka kwenyawo, xa engenziwanga kakuhle okanye enga cocekanga kakuhle. Ngoko mthetho wenze ntlakahle kufanele kuhambeke kulama kreyithi nehagu zikwazi ukuziphatha. Iimazi, kodwa kufuneka zikwazi ukulala phantsi zime ngaphandle kwemiqobo ezinyaweni zazo. Emqolo we mazi akufuneka ungqubeke kumhezulu wama kreyithi, namacala ehagu akufunekanga angqubeke kwintsimbi ezise acaleni.

Ngaphandle

©Glenneis Kriel
Farrowing pens reduces the risk of sows rolling over their young.
Amakreyithi okugcina iihagu akunyanzelekanga agcinwe ngaphakathi. eMelika kukho amafama afuye ihagu eziyi ‘free range’ kwaye asebenzisa amakreyithi asongwayo ngaphandle kweengxaki kumadlelo kwinyanga ezishushu enyakeni. Bayawajikelezisa amakreyithi kumadlelo ukuthintela izifo nencukuthu kwindawo ezithile.
Amafama ase Mzantsi Afrika angakuzama oku kwindawo apho ubushushu ebusuku banele khona okokuba iihagwana zinga godoli, kwaye ke zona ziphila kakuhe kubushushu obungu 27 ukuya ku 32℃. Oluhlobo lwemveliso alilungi kwisimo sezulu ezishushu esidingwa zii mazi, kuba azityi kakuhle kwaye nobisi azilivelisi kakuhle xa ubushushu bungaphezulu ko 21℃. Xa amakreyithi engaphakathi lomceli mngeni ungathi woyiswe ngokuba kubekho indawo ethile enobushushu obuphantsi kwindawo yazo logama iimazi zidinga indawo epholileyo phantsi.
Intlobo ezahlukileyo nezakhiwo ziyafumaneka, cela kulowo usebenza ngezilwanyana iingcebiso ngezakhiwo ezizakulungela izidingo zemveliso yakho njengo mfama.

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie