Robben Island: Khotso ra Lavotala

Swiyimo swa Matshamelo swa Vabohiwa swa Khale

©Eric Miller
Xiyimo xa xihlala lexi hi malembe yava 1700s axi tika swinene kuxi twisisa hikokwalaho ka kupfumaleka ka maphepha kumbe miako, kambe munhu ango anakanya kunene leswaku vutomi bya kona akungari bya ntsako.
Vabohiwa votala ava boheka ku tirha mitirho leyo tika swinene exihlaleni, ku cela maribye kumbe ku hlengeleta swikhamba leswi humaka e lwandle. Mphakelo wa swakudya awu tshama wuri ehansi swinene naswona akungari leswi akaka miri, leswi swiendle leswaku vabohiwa vakombisa kuvilela hi xitalo.
Leswi hinkwaswo aswi kalanga swinga yimisa kuva vanhu va navela ntshuxeko naswona kuringetiwile kotala kuva ku balekiwa e khotsweni leri eka malembe lawa yotala.
Himpela vanhu votala va nyengile e khotsweni leriya ra Robben Island naswona swinge pfumeriwi hi munhu leswaku vanyengile. Swikwekwetsu leswintsongo aswiyiviwa kusuka laha swihlayisiwaka kona, nkarhi wunwana swikwekwetsu swale handle aswifika swiyima exihlaleni swingari e nawini, swilangutele leswaku swinga rhwala vanhu nyana kusuka e khotsweni leriya. Vanwana vangava va hlamberile kunene kuya eribuweni.

Rixaka ra Vumbirhi ra Vabohiwa Vale Robben Island

©Tracey Derrick
Rixaka rosungula ra vabohiwa vale Robben Island akuri ra Cape Khoikhoi lava ava lwisana na milawu ya Dutch naswona aku yisiwa varhangeri va marhavela evu chavela whawha kusuka eka swiphemu swinwana swa Dutch East India Company, kufanana Indonesia. Rixaka ra vumbirhi akur ira vurhangeri bya xintu bya mindzelekani Eastern Cape lava ava khomiwa naku rhumeriwa e xihlaleni, minkarhi yinwana ava fambisiwa na vavasati na vana va vona.
Ma British ava lwa na va aki himatlhelo hinkwawo leswaku vata kota kukurisa ndzhawu ya vona laha Afrika Dzonga. Loko swaha tetano, akuri na vabohiwa vanwana va tipolotiki ehandle ka maXhosa lava vanga pindzuka e khotsweni leriya ra Robben Island himalembe yava 1800s. Ma Bushmen na ma Khoikhoi ava yisiwa kona hikokwalaho kakuva va hoxe xandla eka Bokkeveld Rebellion ya 1824. Hosi ya maZulu chief Langalibalele, murhangeri wa rixaka ra Hlubi, nayena u pfaleriwile kona kusukela hi 1874 kuya fika 1875 hikuva anga pfumelelanangi naku tekeriwa misava hi maBritish e Natal. Na varhangeri va Koranna Wars, valwile etibuweni ta milambu ya Orange River hivo 1870 na 1879, navona vapfaleriwile kona endzhaku kaloko vatsan’we Queen na tiko.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni