Ndlela yo Sungula ku Hlayisa Tinyoxi

Ku hlayisa tinyoxi kungava vuhungasi byin’wana byo tsakisa swinene, kambe swinga hundzuka bindzu ra nkarhi hinkwawo ro endla mali. Vahlayisi lava endlaka bindzu leri vata kota ku phakela vukorhokeri bya pollination kutani va humelerisa swakudya leswi endliwaka hikokwalaho ka tinyoxi kufana na vulombe, propolis na wax naswona vanga kota ku dyondzisa naku letela vahlayisi lavantshwa. Kuhlayisa tinyoxi, hixitalo, i ntirho lowu lavaka kutirhiwa hi matimba kambe wa vuyerisa hambi kuri kuhungasa ka munhu loyi ango hungasa hi wona hi vulombe.
Va South African Bee Industry Organisation (SABIO) va hambanyisa exikarhi ka vanhu lava hlayisaka tinyoxi hiku hungasa (lavangana 1 kuya eka 100 wa mabaku ya tinyoxi) na lava hlayiselaka ku endla mali lava fambisaka kusuka eka 800 kuya eka 10 000 wa mabaku ya tinyoxi. Lavantsongo kumbe lava ha sungulaka vangava na 10 kuya eka 150 wa mabaku. Leswi switala ku hlayisiwa naku fambisiwa hiti co-operatives kumbe tani hi ti projeke ta vaaki.
Loko unga se sungula ku hlayisa tinyoxi tekela enhlokweni leswi: ku hlayisa tinyoxi swifana na ku fuwa swifuwo – u fanele ku tihlayisa, tiyisisa leswaku tihanye kahle naswona ti hlayisekile, tina swakudya, mati naswona kuna ndzhawu yo kurisela eka yona. Naswona ku hlayisa kungava ntirho wo tika swinene. Uta fanela ku khoma mabaku yotika lawa yanga tala hi vulombe xikan’we naku fambisa tinyoxi kusuka eka ndzhawu yin’we kuya eka yin’wana leswaku tita endla pollination. Hi ximumu, uta fanela kukambela mabaku vhiki na vhiki – kuvona loko kungari na swivanani swa tinyoxi eka ntlawa walowo, xipesi xoringanela ku andzisa ntlawa naku kambela loko kungari na mavabyi.

Swilo Leswi Lavekaka Kuhlayisa Tinyoxi

©Chris Daly

Loko waha sungula kuva muhlayisi, hi xitala uta lava swilo swa mune:
Uta fanela ku dyondza hi tinyoxi naku hlayisa tinyoxi. Xosungula ku xitiva kufanele kuva ku twisisa leswaku ntlawa wa tinyoxi wutshamisa kuyini. Uta fanela ku tlhela u tiva hi physiology ya tinyoxi, mavabyi ya tinyoxi, mintirho yo hambana hambana ya tinyoxi e bakwini naswona utiva na ndlela leyi tinyoxi ta vulombe ti lavisaka swona swakudya hi ntumbuluko.
Xavumbirhi kuxitiva tani hi mufuwi wa tinyoxi untshwa iku kuma ndzhawu yintshwa yaku veka baku ratona rosungula. Leswi kungava orchard, grove eminsinyeni (e.g. eucalyptus) kumbe nsimu ya mabilomu kumbe swimilani swa mabilomu (e.g. tinyala).
Xavunharhu mufuwi wa tinyoxi uta lava baku ra tinyoxi kumbe colony ya tinyoxi. Baku rakahle ritava kahle ku rihkoma, rita endla leswaku tinyoxi ti hlayiseka naswona ti fanela ku aka swihlenge naku kurisa vana va tona.
Xohetelela swina nkoka kuva na swimbalo leswi lulameleke (ku sivela ku lumiwa hi tinyoxi) na switirhisiwa swohlayisa tinyoxi.

Tiyisisa leswaku awuna allergy eka ku lumiwa hitinyoxi. Tsundzuka, himinkari allergy ayi vonaki loko u lumiwa rosungula, ti allergy tinga kota ku sungula ku vonaka loko u lumiwe kotala. Vulavula na Dokodela wa wena kukuma murhi lowunga lulamela leswaku u tshama na wona.
Vahlayisi va tinyoxi vafanele ku tsarisa na Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF). Ku tsarisa swihumelela exikarhi ka 1 January nati 31 March naswona i mahala ku endla tano. Lava vaka DAFF kukuma tifomo ta vahlayisi va tinyoxi.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni