Laha Kusukelaka Vatswana
Aku tiveki swotala hi mayelana na laha vanhu va va Sotho vatumbulukaka kona, lava sweswi Vatswana vanga xiphemu xavona.
Kuya hi ndzhavuko, avari exikarhi ka vanhu va ririmi ra Bantu lava sukelaka e East African Great Lakes (Victoria na Tanganyika), kutani vateka rendzo vakongoma e dzongeni laha ava fika vakuma vutshamo eka malembe lawa yotala.
Ndzhavuko wuhlamusela kahle leswaku vanhu lava avari va muxaka un’we kutani endzhaku ka nkarhi va phatluka vava na swiyenge swo hambana hambana.
Kufana na Vasotho, matshamelo ya vona na tindzhawu leti avatshama ka tona ti hlaseriwile hi tinyimpi ta khale kwalomuya kava 1800s hinkarhi walowo Shaka aaha kukuma matimba.
Swinga fani na Vasotho, va simekile vuhosi byavona byo hambana (lebyinga hetelela byi tiveka tani hi tinxaka hikokwalaho ka mafumelo ya valungu lawa yaha hanyaka na namuntlha e Botswana) ematshan’weni ya rin’we, leri tshameke eka tindzhawu ta vupela dyambu bya tiko, laha vanga fika vakuma vanhu va San varikarhi vatsutsuma xikan’we naku tumbela kutani vaya tumbela eka tindzhawu leti ava hlota eka tona.
Vutshamo bya Vatswana
Exikarhi ka lava vanga hatlisela kuya tshama evuhuma dyambu, swiphemu swo nona swa laha namuntlha hinge hile Botswana akuri Kgalagadi. Kambe loko valehansi va Rolong na Tlhaping vaya tshama etibuweni ta nambu wa Molopo kutani va famba kuya e dzongeni na vupela dyambu, kutani vatswonga vanhu va Kgalagadi na San endzhawiniliya.
Lava vanga ala ku katsiwa ava boheka ku famba vaya tshama e mananga ya Kalahari laha vana vavona vaha kumekaka kufikela namuntlha. Ndzhawu leyinga eku suhi na Rustenburg, Zeerust na Lichtenburg exifundzeni xa North West xa Afrika Dzonga laha kunga fika kutshama va Hurutshe, Kwena xikan’we nava Kgatla, tindzhawu teto namuntlha tikomba vukona bya Vatswana totiya.
Vukona lebyi byi tiye kufana kambe byifanele byi hangalakile nyana naswona aswi vonaki ngopfu, emadorobeni ya xifundzha xa Gauteng. Kuya hi vumbhoni lebyinga kona byi vula leswaku valehansi va Vatswana va namuntlhaava tshama e Highveld kusukela kwalomuya kava 17th century.
Nkarhi wakona kusukela sweswiya kuta fika eka 19th century leswi aswi hlangana na ku tshamisekisiwa ka tipolotiki xikan’we na vurhangeri lebyi abyiri kona: swirho leswintsongo swa ndyangu wa vuhosi lowu awu fuma hi xitalo awu phatluka na valandzeri va wona kuya simeka ntlawa wuntshwa kun’wana, leswi kuya hi minkarhi ntlawa lowu awuta tiveka hi vito ra murhangeri yaloye.
Kusukela kwalomuya kava 1810, hambiswiritano, maendlelo lawa aya vangiwa hi swilo swimbirhi: madzolonga lawa aya vangiwa hi vanhu vo vulavula xi Nguni xikan’we na van’wana lava ava fika hinkarhi wa nyimpi ya Shaka; xikan’we na khombo raku tekeriwa misava loko valungu va fika eka ndzhawu liya, xosungula aku laviwa misava na tihomu kutani kuya laviwa vatirhi eka migodi yintshwa ya diamond na nsuku.
Leswi switise nxungeto eka vuhosi byale kusuhi kutani switisa mintolovelo yintshwa yakuva vanhu va tshama va tlimbanile leswaku vata kota ku tisirgelela kutlula eku sunguleni. Loko timhaka ta tipolotiki tisungule kuva tingaha hlayisekangi xikan’we na ntikeriwa, vuhosi byisungule kutala swinene, vuhosi lebyi abyiri kona byi kurile swinene kutani byi vekiwa kufana naleka tindzhawu tale makaya, kuva leswi namunthla tinxaka tinga xiswona.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni