Bantfu Labahlala Kucala eMapungubwe

Emajeke Lamahle! - Tinkomishi, Emapulede kanye Nekutichaza

©Roger de la Harpe

Indlela yemphilo yemasiko eAfrika yayikadze ingulelungile futsi lengagamuka iphndze ibuyele emuva emhlabeni kepha ingabulali. Kungako lemimango ye Bantu yakucala yashiya ngemuva tintfo letimbalwa letiphatsekako kwentela tsine kutsi sitfole namuhla.Loku kungayinkinga kuma archaeologists kanye nebemlandvo labazama kuhlanganisa ndzawonye umlandvo wetfu longakabhalwa.

Kepha kukhona intfo yinye lesikhombise kutsi imcoka kakhulu ekuchazeni kanye nekunika emasiko ase afrika lamaningi - tinkomishi,emapulede nalokunye. Ngesikhatsi lilunga lelicembu lebantfu labasuka kuyinye indzawo baye kulenye, kufana ne San, abanaso sidzingo semabhodo lafako lasindzako kanye nemajeke, lelihlobo le Bantu lenta inombolo lenkhulu yalamaveseli ekufaka emanti netintfo letifana nabo rice ne wheat.

Ngenhlanhla, emadziwo elubumba bekavame kuhlala, ngisho noma kufile noma kulahliwe kulendzawo yekulahla tibi kulesigodzi. Ngekungetalapho, linye lisiko lenta kwakha emabhodo alo ngekuhlobisa lokutsite, imibhalo kanye nemidvwebo, leyinemakona lamatsatfu, emachevrons kanye nemalayini ediagonal.

Ligama Lendzawo

©Roger de la Harpe

Ngako, ngekuchaza lomehluko wekuhlobisa kanye nekuma kwemabhodo laphilako,sinendlela yekuwabeka nekuhlelisa letive letehlukene. Singaphindze sisebentise lelizibithi letindziwo kwentela kutfola kufinyelela kwelisiko ngalinye. Ngako emabhodo akhombise kungabi mathuluzi lanemali kuma archaeologists.

Ecinisweni, njengobe singakabhali ngemagama awo mbamba, liningi letive tasekucaleni nyalo abonwa ngekuma kanye nemhlobiso wetindziwo tabo. Noma kwetfusa, lemihlangano yema archaeology utsi lamagama lanikwa kulinye 'ludziwo-lelisiko' lisuka lichamuka epulazini noma indzawo lapho khona lendlela yaloludziwo yatfolwa khona kucala. Loku kubitwa Ligama Lendzawo.

Ngihambile etindzaweni ngiyochaza lendlela khona utokuva kutsi leni yalemimango ye Bantu itsandza kepha icolela ema twee monikers, lafana ne Kuphumula Lokuyinjabulo kwemasiko, lokuvakala ungatsi bebenta indzawo yekuhlala.

Insimbi Lekhulile Yekucala Emmangweni (200 AD-900 AD)

©Roger de la Harpe

Kugadza lokusembili kweBantu kwefika la Ningizimu Afrika ngetikhatsi tabo 200 AD. Beta netintfo letinsha, lokufana nemsebenti wensimbi, loku kwatsatfwa ngekutsi Yinsimbi Lekhulile Yekucala eNingizimu Afrika. Yinye yekucala yemmango we Bantu kutsi bahlale endishini yase Limpopo- Shashe ligama lelingakajwayeleki-lelibitwa ngekutsi lisiko lekujabula uphumule.

Lesisive, kanye nalamanye lafana nemasiko eGokomere, avela aphile endzaweni lesemkhatsini wa 350 na 450 AD. Kuncane lokwatiwako ngalensimbi lekhulile yekucala kunaloko lokwalungiswa inhlanganisela yekuhlNYWL, kutingela kanye nekufuya tilwane. Ngako, emkhatsini wa 600 AD na 900 AD, kuvela kutsi bonkhw balimi bashiya Lendishi ye Shashe eLimpopo.

Loku ngabe kwenteka ngenca yekushintsha kwesimo selitulu saselisigodzi asisalungeli tekulima. Lencenye yebudlelwane emkhatsini webantfu labaphilako netintfo letikhona lapho kulelive kuyahhafuleka emkhatsini wekuvundzisa nesomiso, kanye nekukhwesha kwendlela yelitulu kungakhomba kutsi konakele kubantfu bendzawo. Lenandlela yesimo sekoma nekubamanti kutobakushayela etindleleni tekuhlala talesigodzi.

Kutfutfukisa Lisiko Lesive

Noma bekute lokunganani lobekwenteka endzaweni yase Mapungubwe ngalesisikhatsi, lokuningi lokungatiwa kanye nalokuncane lokwatiwako kwemasiko esive bekutfutfuka kuletinye tincenye takulelive. Sinye sibonelo lesihle ngulabantfu longatingabo labenta imimangaliso eLydenburg Heads, letfolwa eMpumalanga.

Letitintfo letivala hhafu webuso bemuntfu, hhafu wetilwane, futsi kutsenjwa kutsi bekusetjentiswa nakuhlatjwa kanye nasemisebentini yesintfu. Le Lydenburg Heads ayabonwa kuMsamo wase Ningizimu Afrika lese Kapa, netintfo letifananako kumsamo wendzawo yase Lydenburg.

Translated by Phindile Malotana