Inyama Yefuyo Yembuzi eSewula Africa

© Susan Schoenian University of Maryland Extension
Iimihlobo eminengi yembuzi eziyi-570 ephasinapha yathuthukiswa ngokuvela emihlobeni emithathu yeembuzi ebizwa bona yi-Bezoar, Savannah kanye–Nubian.
Nanyana kunjalo ukuthuthukiswa kwembuzi yomhlobo we-Boer goat, kuhlukile ngombana ayilandeli ukuhlanganiswa kweembuzi zomhlobo emibili nanyana engaphezu kwaleyo ezimsulwa. Abezimu be-boer goat bakhethwa embuzini zendabuko eSewula Africa zathuthukiswa ngeminyaka yabo ye-1950s zithuthukiswa liwoma labafuyi bange-Somerset East district esesifundeni sange-Eastern Cape eSewula Africa.
Irhubhululo elenziwe ngokufuya imbuzi zenyama alikatjhejwa nalimadaniswa kunelenziwe ngeenlwane ezinye nanyana ifuyo ekhiqiza inyama, kodwana iSewula Africa sele yaziwa iphasi loke ngomsebenzawo wokuthuthukisa imbuzi yomhlobo we-Boer goat.
Ngaso sona iskhatheso sokuthuthukiswa kwerhubhululo le-Boer goat elinziwwe yi-Devendra and Burns (1983) lenziwa embuzini zendabuko ze-East Africa. Lokhu kutjengisa irhono lenlwane ezincanezi lokukhiqiza inyama.

Imbuzi Zenyama eSewula Africa Yefuyo

Imbuzi ezikhiqiza inyama yi-Boer goat, ezaziwa njengembuzi ezikhiqiza inyama enengi ephasini. Imbuzezi zitjengisa bona zikhula kuhle, zinomzimba omkhulu kanye nenyama enengi evamise ukudlula i-50%.
Imihlobo yembuzi emibili eSewula Africa yi-Kalahari Red kanye ne-Savanna, eyaziwa njengembuzi enombala othile. Imiphumela yehlolo le-DNA itjengise bona kunomehluko omkhulu wefuzo hlangana neembuzi zomhlobo we- the Boer kanye ne-Kalahari Red kunembuzi ze-Boer kanye neze-Savanna.
Iimbuzi zomhlobo we-Kalahari Red zibonwa njengeembuzi zendabuko ezivela eSewula Africa Amarekhodi atjengisa bona imbuzi ezikhethwe eembuzini ezilenga iindlebe ezeza enarheni le ziza nabantu bentjhaba ezivela ngaphandle etjingalanga ye-Africa eminyakeni edlula eyi-2000 eyadlulako. Umbala wazo osesekhunjeni ubomvu ngamaphesendi ayi-100 uzifihla eenlwaneni ezizizumako ehlathini begodu zizimbuzi azingasabi umtjhiso kanye nesomiso.
Imbuzi yomhlobo we-white Savanna yathuthukiswa ngonyaka ka-1955 begodu ibonwa njengembuzi engasabi isomiso ekhiqiza inyama elinganisekileko neyondileko. Zirhona ukujayela indawo msinya begodu zingasetjenziswa ngokuphumelela emadlelweni angaphandle nalokha zivuywe lapha zivalelwa khona.
Akusizimbuzi ezifuywa ngesikhathi sonyaka esithize kwaphela Imbuzi zomhlobo we-Savanna, eziphawuliweko zikhula kuhle. Imbuzi zomhlobo we-Savanna zikhiqiza imizimba eyondlekileko – zinemisipha ezeleko kanye namafutha kunokwakheka kwamathambo.

Imbuzi Zendabuko

Kunemihlobo emine yembuzi zendabuko eSewula Africa–umhlobo we-nguni (mbuzi), Eastern Cape Xhosa Lob-ear, Northern Cape, Northern Cape Speckled kanye nomhlobo we-Kunene kaokoland). Imbuzi zendabuko azisabi isomiso begodu ziqinile kunembuzi ye-Boer begodu azibanjwa Lula bulwelwe be-heart water, Nangana I-tick-borne disease.
Irhubhululo ezenziwe ngu- Ramsay, Smit & Casey (1987) lapha amadaniswa iimbuzi zendabuko kanye nezomhlobo we- Boer ebhodulukweni lapha kunemiraro ye-protozoal, ukubola kweenyawo, amapharasayidi kanye neentjalo ezinetjhefu. Iimbuzi zoke zarekhodiwa phasi zahlolwa ku-National Scheme ilwazi elatholwa lapho latjengisa bona imbuzi zendabuko zikhiqiza inyama enengi kunezomhlobo we-Boer.
Iimbuzi ezinengi zendabuko zithengiselwa abathengi abasemakhaya bezihlatjwe ngendlela yesintu.

Iimbuzi Zomhlobo we-Tankwa

Imbuzi ezisanda ukutholwa amalanga la zomhlobo we- Tankwa basalungisela ukuzitlolisa njenge - landrace goat breed nehlangano ye-South Africa’s Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF).
Ukuya ngo- Thinus Jonker wesifundeni se-Northern Cape ku department of agriculture, imbuzi zomhlobo we-Tankwa zinerhono lokuba ze-zimbuzi zenyama. Nanyana zingafani ngomzimba njengembuzi ezintathu ze-Boer, kodwana azibanjwa mapharasayidi kanye namalwelwe, begodu zinerhono lokubeletha.

Imbuzi Zomhlobo we-Angora Njengembuzi Zenyama

Lokha imithiya ye-mohair yembuzi ezidala zomhlobo we- Angora ubamahadlahladla khulu, Iimbuzezo ziyakhethwa ziyokubulawa. Amaphasendi angaba yi-90 wembuzi ezidala zithunyelwa esifundeni saKwaZulu–Natal ukobana ziyokuthengiselwa iimaraga zesintu.
Ngokwenza njalo bathola ngazo imali encono kunalokha nabazithengisa ebuhlabelo. Kodwana inyama esemzimbeni wazo yincani, ihlangana kwe-30 - 35% nayimadaniswa neyembuzi zomhlobo we- Boer goat onenyama eyi-50%. Kodwana indlela inyama yembuzi le ibambeka ngayo ifeyini kunaleyo yembuzi ze- Boer goat.
Nakumadaniswa nembuzi zomhlobo we-Boer goats (22.8%) kanye nembuzi zendabuko eziyi-(24.3%), imbuzi zomhlobo we-Angora zinezinga eliphezulu lamaprotheyini elingaba yi-29.1%). Iimbuzi zomhlobo we-Angora goat zikhiqiza inyama enganamafutha khulu amafutha wayo angaba yi-(4.4%) nakumadaniswa ne-10.5% yenyama ye-(Boer goat) kanye ne-7.9% (yenyama yembuzi zendabuko).

Translated by Lizzy Shongwe