Amalwelwe ahlangana nezinto ezinobungozi khulu emkhiqizweni weenkukhu, ekurholela bonyana kugcine sele kuba nanani eliphezulu elibobekako ebafuyini bomhlaba zombelele. Nanyana kuneenhlahla ezingasetjenziswa ukulapha amalwelwe la, kodwana kunalawo malwelwe ekunganapengu yawo (funda ngokuzeleko mayelana namalwelwe weenkukhu la).
Ukwenza umonakalo omukhulu, inengi lamalwelwe la avame ukusabalala njengomlilo womango ngombana iinkukhu zivame ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa nalaphoh zitjhidelene khulu khona begodu zidla bezisele amanzi ndawonye. Indlela ephuma phambili yokulawula amalwelwe la kukhandela amalwelwe la angakathomi.
Kuneendlela ezine ekungakhandelwa ngazo amalwelwe la, ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuvikela iinlwani bona zingabanjwa bulwelwe ngokuhlala uzihlolisela ngaso soke isikhathi (sound biosecurity measures), ukuthelela iinhlahla ezisebenza ukulwisana nokugula emzimbeni (vaccination), ukuqinisekisa bonyana zihlala endaweni ehlwengekileko (good hygiene) kanye nokulawula ukugandeleleka komkhumbulo (stress management).
Iinsetsenziswa Zokulapha
Abakhiqizi kufuze bathathe igadango ngemva kokubona amatshwayo wokuthoma wobulwelwe ukwenzela ukubuvimba bonyana bungarhatjheki bebudlulele nakezinye iinkukhu nofana kobunye ubujamo budlulele kezinye iinlwani nofana ebantwini. UmNyango wezokuLima uyelelisa abafuyi bonyana bahlukanise iinkukhu ezigulako nalezo ezingaguliko begodu bagcine ngezigulako ukubamba ngesikhathi somkhiqizo.
Kufuze kubozwe ngokurhaba isazi nofana udorhodera weenlwani nakubonakala amatshwayo asolisako ukuthi azokuhlola bonyana yini unobangela walokho. Isazi nofana udorhodere weenlwani loyo uzokuhlaziya ngokuhlolisisa ezinye zalezo ezigulako begodu athathe ingazi nofana isampula yamaqanda, ukuze akghone ukuthola unobangela wobulwelwe obuqubukileko.
Ukwenzela ukuvikela bonyana kungabi nokuqubunga kobulwelwe esikhathini esisezako, umfuyi kanye nesazi seenlwani kuzakufanele bahlole yoke indlela ekukhiqizwa ngayo ukwenzela bonyana bathole imiraro edinga ukurarululwa ukwenzela ukuvikela ukuqubuka kobulwelwe esikhathini esisezako.
Ukulatjhwa nokulawulwa kuzokuya ngonobangela wobulwelwe, ukusuka esihlahleni esilwisana nokukhula kwamagcikwana (antibiotics) ukuya ekususeni iinkukhu.
Abanye babakhiqizi basebenzise iinhlahla ezilwisana nokukhula kwegcikwanezi ukwenzela ukuvala isikhala sokuhlulwa kulawula ngendlela efaneleko ngaphambili, nokho ukwanda kweenghonghoyilo mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla esilwisana nokukhula kwamagcikwanesi kwenze bonyana abanengi bayisebenzise ngendlela efaneleko. Kezinye iinarha abakhiqizi abasakghoni bonyana bathenge iihlahlezi (antibiotics) ngaphandle komtlolo obalayela lokho oveka esazini seenlwani.
Lokha nawusebenzisa iinhlahlezi, abakhiqizi kufanele babeke bebasebenzise iinsetjenziswezi kuhle ngokuya ngemithethwakhona. Ukusebenzisa iinhlahlezi ngokulandela imithetho ebekiweko, akuqinisekisi bonyana sizakusebenza kuhle kwaphela, kodwana nokobanyana sizakwenza bonyana kungabi nokungasasebenzi kwaso ngokuya kwesikhathi.
Abafuyi kufuze bahlale bakhumbula isikhathi ekufanele sihlale ngaphambi komkhiqizo - ngamanye amezwi kuthiwa isikhathi sangaphambi kokubekelwa kwamaqanda nofana inyama ukusuka esikhathini sokusebenzisa iinhlahlezi begodu bangekhe bathengisa iinkukhu ngemva kokuzifaka isihlahlesi - lokhu kuqinisekisa bonyana umkhiqizwabo ukhambisana nobuncani obulayelwa mthetho weSewula Afrika.
Translated by Johannes Nkosinathi