Uxinzelelo Lobushushu kwii Hagu

©Glenneis Kriel
Piglets suffering from heat stress will be less active than normal.
Iihagu zichatshazelwa lula yimozulu ebandayo okanye eshushu. Amaqondo obushushu alungileyo alungele ukuhlala iihagu axhomekeka kumaqondo obushushu begumbi, ukufudumala, ubudala behagu, intlobo yehagu, indidi yomandlalo kunye nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Ngokomthetho, iihagu ezindala ziphila kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe 15 degrees celsius nangaphantsi kwama 30 degrees celsius.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuba iihagu zizipholise ngokwazo. Azikwazi ukubila, zinamaphaphu amancinci kunomzimba wazo kwaye zinamanqatha amaninzi nathi enze zifudumale nangakumbi. Ukuphuculwa ngokwee khemikhali kuyenze yankulu lengxaki, ngokubhalwe kwi Alltech. Oku kubangela ukuba iihagu zivelisa ngaphaya kwama 30% obushushu bangaphakathi ngenxa yokubiila kunye ne methabilizm kunee hagu zasekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo 1980.

Iimpawu Zoxinzelelo

©Glenneis Kriel
Pigs struggle to cool themselves down.
Uxinzelelo lobushushu ngumceli ngeni omkhulu kwilizwe lase Mzantsi Afrika, ngenxa yemozulu efudumeleyo, nesezakubashushu nangakumbi kwiminyaka ezayo, ngenxa yoku guqu-guquka kwemozulu. Amafama ke kufuneka ayijonge imozulu yengingqi azakukhulisela kuyo iihagu, aze enze icebo/iqhinga lokuthintela uxinzelelo lobushushu ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukufuya iihagu.
Ukungenzi njalo kungabanegalelo elibi kwindlela iihagu ezitya ngayo, ukukhula kwazi, ukwehlisa kweemazi kwaye kungachaphazela nokuzala kwazo, ngokuthi kwenze ukuba iihagu zingamithi. Uxinzelelo lobushushu kungabangela nokunqongophala kwamanzi emzimbeni wehagu, nto leyo inokukhokelela kutyatyazo. Ukuba kushushu ngamandla zisenokufa nokufa. Uxinzelelo lobushushu kungenza iihagu nokuba iihagu zihlaselwe lula zizifo.
Iihagu ezichatshazelwe luxinzelelo lobushushu zizakubanezinga elipheulu lokubila kwaye ziyatyhafa. Ngamanye amagama zizakuhlala zingqengqile, ngelinge lokwenza amandla amancinci zizipholise. Phantsi kwemeko ezishushu kakhulu zisenokuba tyokololo, ziqale ukungcangcazela amanqina kwaye zisenokugabha okanye zityatyaze.

Uthintelo

©Glenneis Kriel
Hardier breeds might be a better option if the pigs are produced outside.
Amafama akwizakhiwo zamaxesha angoku asebenzisa imitshini yokulawula ubushushu nokufudumala kwegumbi. Ukuba awunakho ukufikelela kubuchwephesha obuloluhlobo, yakha indlu yeehagu ngendlela apha eyenza kuphole ehlotyeni kuze kuphole ebusika. Amazinki, umzekelo, angogqunywa ngamagqabi okanye ngengca ukunciphisa amaqondo obushushu. Amafama asenokubeka nezitshizi zamanzi phezu kophahla ukupholisa ezi zindlu xa kushushu ngamandla.
Umandlalo waphantsi nawo udlala indima enkulu, abanye omandlalo benza ubushushu ngaphezu kwabanye. Ngokubhalwe yi The Pig Site, ihagu enobunzima obungama 5kg ehlaliswa phezu kwengca eyomileyo, ingakhula kakuhle kumaqondo aphakathi kwama pig 27 ukuya kuma 30 degrees celsius, kodwa ingakhula kakuhle kuma 39 ukuya kuma 32 degrees celsius ukuba ihlaliswa kumandlalo owenziwe ngezileyiti.
Ihagu enobunzima obungama 90 kg ehlaliswa kwingca eyomileyo kufuneka igcinwe kumaqondo obushushu ali 11 ukuya kuma 22 degrees celsius, kodwa abeli 15 ukuya kuma 24 degrees celsius ukuba igcinwa kumandlalo owenziwe ngezileyiti.
Ukuba iihagu zizakukhuliselwa phandle, kungumbono omhle ukukhetha iindidi yehagu eyomeleleyo (hardier indigenous breed) ezakukwazi ukumelana nemozulu ezifudumeleyo. Iihagu ezimnyama nazo azitshi lula lilanga. Iihagu ezihlaliswa phandle kufuneka zenzewe umthunzi kunye nendawo esithileyo. Udaka nalo luyanceda ukuzipholisa, kwaye lunika nokhuseleko oluthile ekutshisweni lilanga.

Unyango

©Glenneis Kriel
Sprinkling water over pigs or a mud bath may help to relieve heat stress.
Iiyure nje ezimbalwa zisebushushwini, zingabanegalelo elibi kwimveliso. Ngoko ke iihaug kufanele zipholiswe ngoko nangoko xa amaqondo obushushu egqitha kwango alungele iihagu. Ukunciphisa inani nako kunganceda, njengoko ukucukanisa iihagu ezininzi endaweni enye kungayenza ibembi nangakumbi imeko.
Kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo ukujongana nokutya ezondliwa ngako. I-Alltech icebisa ukuba amafama agcine ukutya kwehagu kulungile, anciphize iproteni engacolwanga, asebenzise amafutha okanye i-oli ukwenza amandla akhawulezileyo, anyuse izinga lezakha mzimba ekutyeni okanye anike iihagu ukutya okumanzi ukuzikhuthaza ukuba zitye. Ukutya kufanele ukuba kunikwe iihagu ngexesha elipholileyo lemini.

Translated by Zizipho Silwana