Tihuku ta xintu hixitalo titsindziyerile naswona tikota ku hanya kahle eka maxelo ya Afrika Dzonga kutlula leti xavisiwaka, leswi swiendla leswaku tikota nakuva titshikiwa titihandzela nota tinga humelerisiwe titele. Tinxaka letinga toloveleka laha Afrika Dzonga tikatsa na Boschveld chicken, Naked Necks, Ovambo’s na Potchefstroom Koekoeks na Venda.
Boschveld chicken
Boschveld chicken ayitiyisisiwangi tani hileyi tsarisiweke tani hi rixaka ra laha Afrika Dzonga, hambi swiritano yitsakeriwa ngopfu eka kufuyiwa hambi hi vafuwi eka tindzhawu totala laha Afrika. N’wamapurasi Mike Bosch uhumelerise muxaka lowu hi 1998 epurasini ra yena Limpopo Province e Afrika Dzonga, endzhaku ko katsa tihuku ta xikaya ta Venda, Ovambo na Matebele. Muxaka lowu wutekiwa tani hilowu kotaka ngopfu kutshikela matandza e Venda, sayizi yara Matabele kasi kutiyela kuhuma eka Ovambo.Tihuku leti tina muhlovo wotshuka nyana kuya eka buraweni natisiva tobasa leti yititirhisaka kutumbela loko kufike valala va yona. Nkuku wakona wutika 1,6 kg loko yiri na 12 wa mavhiki hivukhale kasi 2,6 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki, leyi ya mbhaha yitika 1,5 kg loko yiri na 12 wa mavhiki kasi 1,7 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki. Tihuku leti tiva tiringanele timhaka ta masangu loko tiri na 136 wa masiku hi vukhale. Kwalomu ka 4 wa matandza yatshikeriwa hi huku yin’we hi vhiki.
Naked Neck
Naked Neck i huku leyi tekiwaka yiri huku ya xikaya leyi tswariweke hi huku ya n’warikolwani leyi humaka e Malaysia himalembe yava 17th Century. Tihuku leti tina mihlovo yohambana hambana.Kuya hiva Poultry Club SA, kuna tinxaka timbirhi ta tihuku leti ta Naked Necks, leyin’wana iya muxaka lowuheleleke kasi leyin’wana ya n’warikolwani. Titekiwa tani hi muxaka lowu tikaka swinene laha nkuku wakona wutikaka kwalomu ka 1,5 kg loko tahari na 16 wa mavhiki, 1,95 kg loko yiri na 20 wa mavhiki kasi 3,5 kg loko yikurile. Mbhaha wona wutika 1,1 kg loko yiri na 16 wa mavhiki, 1,4 kg loko yiri na 20 wa mavhiki kasi 3 kg loko yikurile. Yiringanela timhaka ta masangu loko yiri na 155 wa masiku laha yitshikelaka matandza lawa yatikaka kufikela eka 55,5 grams.
Muxaka lowu wa Naked Neck wutirhisiwa tani hi huku leyi xavisiwaka eka matiku yan’wana yotani hi France. Kuna swivangelo swintsongo swa leswi. Tihuku leti, hikuva tina tisiva toka tinga talangi kufana na tihuku letingana tinsiva miri hinkwawo, ayi lavi swakudya swotala kufana na tihuku tinwani kuva tifika eka ntikelo lowu fanaka naku kota kukondzelela kuhisa. Ku engetela eka sweswo hileswaku i tisiva tintsongo leti faneleke kuhluviwa loko yi dlayiwa.
Ovambo chickens
Ovambo chickens hileti tinga tumbuluka e Ovamboland e nwalungwini wa Namibia. Muxaka lowu wutiveka tani hi tihuku leti tshikelaka swinene matandza. Tina muhlovo wodzwihala kuya eka ntima laha tingana swicoticoti swobasa kumbe orenji. Kuva tinga tikeli ngopfu swiendla leswaku ti oloveriwa hiku haha no tshama emisinyeni kuva tichava valala vatona. Kuya hiva Wicked Food Earth, tihuku leti tina nkanu no kota kulwa, tikota no dlaya makondlo tidya.Nkuku wutika kwalomu ka 1,74 kg loko wuri na 16 wa mavhiki hivukhale kasi 2,16 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki. Mbhaha wa kona wutika kwalomu ka 1,32 kg eka 16 wa mavhiki kasi 1,54 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki hivukhale. Yiva yiringanele timhaka ta masangu loko yifike eka 143 wa masiku hivukhale. Mbhaha wutshikela 129 wa matandza hi lembe, laha yafikelelaka eka ntiko wa 52,5 g hi tandza rin’we. Mbhaha wuva mhani wakahle naswona nkanu wayona wu endla leswaku yikota ku tiyimela loko xiyimo xibihile.
The Potchefstroom Koekoek
The Potchefstroom Koekoek yi endliwe hiva 1950s hi Chris Marais kusuka e Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying in Potchefstroom, endzhaku kaloko kutava ku hlanganisiwe Black Australorps, White Leghorns and Plymouth Rocks. Vito leri ra “Koekoek” rivula muhlovo wa muxaka lowu wa huku.Tihuku leti tiringanela timhaka ta masangu loko tiri na 130 wa masiku. Huku ya xisati yitshikela matandza ya buraweni lawa ya tikaka kwalomu ka 55,7 grams. Titshikela kuringana 198 wa matandza hi lembe. Nkuku wa kona wutika kwalomu ka 1,84 kg loko wurina 16 wa mavhiki hi vukhale, 2,4 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki kasi 3,5 kg kuya eka 4,5 kg loko wukurile. Mbhaha wutika kwalomu ka 1,4 kg eka 16 wa mavhiki hivukhale, 1,7 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki kasi 3,5 kg loko yikurile.
Muxaka lowu wutiveka ngopfu eka va aki eka kutshikela matandza na nyama no kota kuva titlhotlhora swikukwani swatona. Muhlovo wa tihuku leti wuya hi rimbewu leswivulaka leswaku loko yiri ya ntima kumbe kutshuka nkuku wakona wukatsiwe na muxaka wa xisati wa KoeKoek, laha mbhaha lowungata huma eka yona wuvaka wantima kasi nkuku wakona wutava na swicoticoti swobasa enhlokweni.
The original Venda chicken
The original Venda chicken yona yikumiwe hi Dr Naas Coetzee, Dokodela ra swiharhi kusuka e Bloemfontein, hi 1979 e Venda exifundzheni xa Limpopo. Muxaka lowu wuna mihlovo yohambana hambana, laha yobasa, ntima na buraweni kunga mihlovo leyi vonakaka ngopfu. I muxaka lowu vevukaka nova na tisiva to vevuka.Nkuku wuktika kwalomu ka 1,57 kg loko wurina 16 wa mavhiki hivukhale, 2,01 kg eka 20 wa mavhiki kasi 2,9 kg kuya eka 3,6 kg loko yikurile. Mbhaha wutika 1,24 kg ek 16 wa mavhiki hi vukhale, 1,4 kg loko yiri na 20 wa mavhiki hi vukhale kasi 2,4 kg kuya eka 3 kg lok yikurile. Tihuku leti tiringanela ku endla masangu loko tiri na 143 wa masiku. Mbhaha wu tshikela matandza lawa ya tikaka kuringana 52,5 g. Kwalomu ka 129 wa matandza ya tshikeriwa hi lembe.
Kuya hiva Southern African Show Poultry Organisation Breed Standards description, Dr Coetzee u tsakisiwe ngopfu hindlela leyi muxaka lowu wutshikelaka hayona matandza, ku kota kuti hanyisa, ku ka yinga khomiwi hi mavabyi, kuva tinga lavi swakudya swotala. Tin’wana tihuku tofana na leti tikumiwile e Southern Cape nale Qua-Qua exifundzheni xa Free State.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni