Ukondla Izimbuzi Zobisi

© Krish Dulal
Izimbuzi zinezinhlobonhlobo ekukhetheni ukudla kwazo, futhi lapho kutholakala khona amahlathi nezihlahla ezifanelekayo, bazokhetha ukuphequlula. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba, kutshalwa izihlahla zefesholo, njengeLeucaena leucocephala eyaziwa eNingizimu Afrika njengomuthi ohola, i-white popinac, i-reusewattel noma i-stuipboom (isiBhunu) ne-ubobo; ulusina (isiZulu). Lesi sihlahla sibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezimbi eNingizimu Afrika futhi kuvame ukutholakala emifuleni.
Izimbuzi zobisi zihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zezimbuzi futhi azikwazi ukukhiqiza uma zinezimila zemvelo kuphela ezifana nezilwane ezidliwayo. Inhloso eyinhloko yokondla izimbuzi kufanele kube ukuhlinzeka zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ezilinganisweni ezifanele kanye nokulinganisa okungenani izindleko. Ama-feed kufanele athande okuhle ukuze izimbuzi zidle ngokwanele futhi kufanele ziqukathe izakhi ezibalulekile - amandla, amaprotheni, amaminerali, amavithamini namanzi.
Izimbuzi zobisi kufanele zikhiqize ubisi ngendlela efanele futhi kumele zondliwe kahle uma zizofeza amandla abo. Noma yimuphi umsebenzi owengeziwe, njengokuhamba, ukukhula, ukukhulelwa noma ukukhiqizwa ubisi kusho ukuthi kuzoba nezidingo ezingaphezulu ngaphezu kokugcinwa komzimba okuvamile. Izidingo zokudla okunomsoco wezimbuzi zobisi zihlukile uma zikhulelwe kunokuba zisuke ngemuva kokubeletha. Ukuze uthole ukuphathwa okuhle, hlukanisa imfuyo yezimbuzi emaqenjini okukhiqiza.

Izimbuzi Ezomile

Imbuzi eyomile (okungewona i-lactating) ngeke idingeke kakhulu kunezingqinamba ezinhle zekhwalithi ngaphandle kokuncane noma ngenyanga yakhe yokugcina yokukhulelwa. Amawesifazane okwandisa ukuxuba ekuxubeni athambekele ekukhiqizeni amawele kunalabo abagcina noma abalahlekelwa yi-mass.

Izidingo Zempilo Yezimbuzi Ezikhulelwe

Emasontweni ayisithupha ngaphambi kokubeletha, umbelezi wezilwane udinga ukuphumula kanye nobisi obushukela udinga ukuvuselelwa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yembuzi engama-70% kwenzeka emavikini angu-6 ngaphambi kokubamba.
Nika amandla okwanele ngenyanga eyedlule yokukhulelwa lapho izingane ezingakazalwa zingaphakathi kwesibeletho zenza izidingo ezinkulu kumzimba womama wabo. Uma kungekho amandla okwanele ekudleni ngalesosikhathi, ama-reserves amafutha azohlanganiswa. Kodwa uma isidingo sikhulu kakhulu, isibindi singase singakwazi ukubhekana nayo, futhi imbuzi ingase ishone ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ketosis ("ukukhulelwa toxaemia"). Isimo sempilo yomzimba esihle kakhulu imbuzi ekhulelwe kufanele ibe ngu-2.5 kuya ku-3.
Uma imbuzi ikhulelwe ngamawele, iyobekelwa kuphela inani lemfuyo angayidla.
Ikhwalithi ephezulu nokudla okuhlwabusayo nge-roughage enhle yekhwalithi edingekayo ngalesi sikhathi.

Izidingo Zempilo Yezimbuzi Eziphikisanayo

©Susan Schoenian University of Maryland Extension
Kuwo wonke amalitha ama-3 obisi akhiqizwa, imbuzi ephuza idinga ama-1.5 kg we-hay quality enhle kanye no-500 g wezinyosi zokunakekelwa, kanye no-1 kg wokugxila.
Uma izimbuzi zobisi zidla (ukuphequlula) kumele zidle okungenani 4 kuya ku-6 kg wezinyosi ezinhle zekhwalithi ngosuku - umanyolo we-4 kg we-green ulingana no-1 kg we-hay.
Ukubambisana nezimpomo zobisi kuzodinga ukugxila kokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni okuphakathi kuka-15 kuya ku-17% kanye nezakhi zomzimba eziphelele (TDN) zogxila cishe ku-65 kuya ku-75%.
Uma kuthiwa badliwe nge-ration ephelele, utshani kanye netshani kufanele kutholakale ngaso sonke isikhathi.
I-roughages yekhwalithi enhle kufanele idliwe ukuze idle izimpongo ukuze inani lokudla elibi elibi elidingekayo lizoba kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuvamile, i-roughage kufanele inikeze u-40% kuya ku-60% we-DMI ekudleni izimbuzi.
Isibonelo, imbuzi ephakeme kakhulu ehlinzeka ngamalitha angu-4 ebisi ngosuku ingadla ingqikithi yenkinga eyomile ka-3 kg (DM), okungaba yi-1.2 kg DM (40%) ingaba uhlobo lwe-hay, kanti i-1.8kg DM njengesidlo somsoco. Zombili i-lucerne kanye nokudla kwesidlo kuzoba ngamaphesenti angama-90%, ukuze ukudla okwanele kube khona: i-lucerne hay: 1.2 x 100 = 1.3 kg nokudla komguzi: 1.8 x 100 = 2.0 kg
Uma i-lucerne ihlanzekile (hhayi i-hay), udaba olomile lwe-lucerne kungenzeka ukuthi luyi-24%, lapho kungenzeka inani le-lucer feed (ukuthola i-DMI efanayo ye-roughage) kungaba: 1.2 x 100 = 5 kg.
Sicela uqaphele: Ulwazi lusezinhloso zemfundo nolwazi kuphela futhi angeke lithathwe njengeseluleko sokudla noma okunomsoco. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi ngokulondla izilwane zakho xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo wezilwane, umphakeli wezilwane noma ohlinzeka ngesilwane.

Translated by Nsika Khoza