Yini Kudla ngeMacembe

© Roger de la Harpe

Kudla ngemacembe yindlela lesetulu yekunika titjalo emanutrients. Loku kwenteka ngekufutsa tintfo letimantana njengesitfwatfwa lesikahle semacembe. Ngekudla emacembe emanutrients ayabambeka kakhulu kunamanyolo wemhlabatsi. Tifundvo tikhomba kutsi emkhatsini wetikhatsi letisiphohlongo kanye naletimashumi lamabili kubamba kakhulu - kwentela kuvikela tinkinga ngalesinye sikhatsi letitfolwa ngekubamba kwetimphandze kufana nekuhlangana kwemhlaba, kubambeka kwema-nutrients kanye nekuphuma kwema nutrients.
Ema nutrients abanjwa ngemastomata. Stomata kuvuleka kwemacembe, cishe njengemfomo sikhunjeni semuntfu. Ema stomata aphindze abekhona etinswatini noma emahlangeni etitjalo futsi angabamba emanutrients ngisho nangesikhatsi sasebusika ngesikhatsi emacembe awile/asukile. Incumbi yemastomata enteka ngaphansi kwemacembe futsi indlela yesikhatsi lesingiso kungesikhatsi lesitjalo sikhula - sikhula ekucaleni ngaphambi kwekuphuma kwetimbali, ku veraison (ngesikhatsi titselo/tibhidvo ticala kubanelibala) nangaphambi kwekuvutfwa.
Kudla emacembe kusetjentiswa ekuciniseni indlela yekuvundzisa. Kukhutsata kwakhekha kwetitselo, kukhulula tinkinga tetitjalo lapho khona kunetilwanyana noma tinkinga tesimo selitulu, kuvikela kuvuta kwemamineral ngesikhatsi selitulu phindze kusita ngekukhula kwekuvimbela tilwanyana kanye nemagciwane ngekukhulisa kubala kwe Brix*. Kuphindze kukhulise lizinga lemanutrition alesitjalo njengoba kukhombisa ngetifundvo letise Pakistan temabele. Ngekwengeta, kudla emacembe kanye nemagciwane e endophytic (emagciwane lakhula etitjalweni letinelicembu letinhlanyiya letifanako ngaphandle kwekwenta inkinga) kukhomba kutsi budlelwane betintfo letiphilako-letentiwe tacina ngemabele ngenca yema nutrients kungasita ngekumisa ema malnutrition.
Emanutrients onkhe abambeka malula, kepha lokuhlangana kwema minerals kulesitjalo kuyashiyana kakhulu. Nitrogen (N), iPhosphorus (P), iPotassium (K), iCopper (Cu), iManganese (Mn) Kanye ne Zinc (Zn) atshintjiseka malula kuletinye tincenye tesitjalo, kepha emanineral lafana ne Calcium (Ca), iMagnesium (Mg), iBoron (B), iIron (Fe) ne Molybdenum (Mo) atisuki malula. iAmino esidi chelate calcium ngiyo kuphela indlela ye calcium lengasuka emacembeni kuyaphansi kwetincenye tekuma kwesitjalo. 2 iCalcium libhilidi lelimcoka lelivala libondza letinhlayiya.
Kudla emacembe yindlela lekahle lebambekile uma ifutsiwe njengesitfwatfwa lesilula (ngaphansi kwemandla laphakeme). Buncane belinani, kubambeka lokuncono. Letinwele letincane letigegeletele lesistomata tikhanga lama nutrients ngakukunye kuwa. Sebentisa emanti elizinga lelikahle – tinkinga tekubamba tingabonakala ngemanti lasetulu nge sodium (Na) noma 'ngemanti lacinile' (icalcium lesetulu). Yengeta lingetulu khona lolokuhlanganisiwe kubambeka kulelicembe. Kukhulisa ubambeka ngekuvikela lokwehla kwemanti kutsi kungakhi 'ibhola'lekwenta bulukhuni ekubambeni.
Lokubambeka kukhula uma lolokuhlanganisiwe kune pH lesemkhatsini wa 5.5 na 6.5. Nciphisa le pHngavinegar we lihhabhula noma khulisa ngekungeta isoda ye bicarbonate. Sikhatsi lesikahle sekufutsa kusemkhatsini wensimbi yesitfupha ekuseni kuya kunsimbi yesiphohlongo ekuseni noma insimbi yesitfupha kuya kunsimbi yesiphohlongo ebusuku ngesikhatsi bundzimundzimu buphakeme. Kuciniseka indlela lengiyo, labanye balimi bakala le Brix yesitjalo ngendlela ngaphambi kwekufutsa kantsi futsi emahora lamatsatfu kanye nalamashumi lamabili nakune ngemuva kwekufutsa. Le Brix ingakhula ngekuba ngema yunitsi lamatsatfu.
*Brix (Bx) ikala luhla kumajusi esitjalo - indlela yekukhombisa shukela, emamineral kanye nemaprotein. Loku kungakhomba kutsi sitjalo siyanongotela, kutfwala emanutrients lamaningi, futsi kunemanti laphansi futsi initrogen itfwele indlela lencono yekuvimba ekulimatweni tilwanyana. Lizinga lekukalwa kwenhlanyelo lembalwa (sikali se Brix ngu Bx): Ematamatisi - kulula =4 Bx kanye nalokuhle=12 Bx; Emabhontjisi laluhlata -kulula = 4 Bx na lokuhle = 10 Bx noma iBeetroot - kulula = 2 Bx na lokuhle = 12 Bx.
Balimi labancane noma tingadze takuma balcony tingenta kudla kwemacembe ngekusebentisa emapheletsi elucerne (noma emapheletsi abologwaja noma flawa we lucerne). Yengeta tinkomishi letimbili temapheletsi kulinye lilitha lemanti bese ukushiya busuku bonkhe. Yengeta lesitokhi kumalitha lalishumi emanti bese ufutsa ngaphansi kanye nangetulu kwesitjalo. Umsebenti wa 1% we EM (tintfo letincane letiphilako tetintfo letisetjentiswako) noma sibungusemhlaba lesihlangene selitiya lengasetjentiswa njengenutrition yemacembe.

Translated by Phindile Malotana