Luhla lwekuGcinwakwetinyosi tase Ningizimu Afrika

©Dr Tlou Masehela
Sunflower is an allergenic plant and needs insects when flowering (especially honeybees) for seed production.
Umlandvo webagcinibetinyosi eNingizimu Afrika (SA) awukahluki kakhulu kunalowo wemhlabawonkhe. Ngaphansi kwa 5% wekugcinatinyosi eNingizimu Afrika unendzawo yawo lapho khona banikati betindzawo tabo letingaphansi kwa 5%. Ngakoke bagcinibetinyosi abakatsembeli kulabanye banikati betindzawo, labangatiwa, hulumende noma tindzawo temvelo, kutsi basekele tintfo tabo tekugcinatinyosi.
Luhla lolungekugcinatinyosi eNingizimu Afrika lukalekile, kepha ngemnyaka wa 2017 iNingizimu Afrika ikhicita emathani eluju langaba ku nkhulungwane yinye nemakhulu lasihlanu kuphela ngemnyaka, ngekucudzanisa lokungaba ngemathani latinkhulungwane letimakhulu lamatsatfu kuminyaka lemashumi lamabili nesihlanu phambilini. Sekuvele kuvunyiwe kutsi emathani langetulu kwetinkhulungwame letimakhulu lamatsatfu eluju ayatsengwa kulamanye emave angaphandle, ikakhulu eChina.
iNingizimu Afrikaa ihambisa imikise kulamanye emave lacishe abe ngu zero.
Nawubekisa nalamanye emave lase Southern Hemisphere, iNingizimu Afrika ibukeka iphansi njengelive lelikhicita luju. Kubekiswa kutsi kungaba ngemacembu latinkhulungwane letimakhulu lamabili etinyosi letinakekelwa eNingizimu Afrika ngekucudzanisa netinkhulungwane letimakhulu lasitfupha nemashumi lasihlanu eAustralia kanye netinkhulungwane letimakhulu lamane nemashumi lasihlanu eNew Zealand (NZ). iCile ne Argentina ikhomba letingetulu noma letingaphansi tinombolo letifanako ne Australia kanye ne NZ. Onkhe lamave lamane ngekungenisa loluju, ne Argentia lekhicita kakhulu emathani langetulu kwetinkhulungwane letimashumi lasikhombisa ngemnyaka munye.

Imimonakalo Lemitsatfu yeTinyosi eNingizimu Afrika

Indzawo yase Ningizimu Afrika yekuGcinatinyosi kwamanje (2017) kudibana netukukhula lokungekhokahle ngenca yalemimonakalo lemitsatfu lesandza kwenteka. Ekucaleni kwemnyaka wa 1990, Lenyosi yase Cape (Apis mellifera capnsis) yangenela letifundza letisenyakatfo yase Ningizimu Afrika, lapho khona letinyosi tase Afrika (Apis mellifera scuttelata) yabese iyatfolwa. Sekuvele kukhombisile indlela lengalungi ngekugcinwakwetinyosi enyakatfo.
Kwesibili, ngemnyaka wa 1997 ema ectoparasite, iVarroa destructor, yahlala eWestern Cape yase ichubekela kuyosakateka lonkhe lelive.
Inkinga yesitsatfu yasuka ngesikhatsi ifoulboard yase America leyesabako, ligciwane lesifo leluju lwenyosi lwabonwa eCape ngemnyaka wa 2009. Tinhlayiya letincane kakhulu temagciwane tingasheshe tisakateke emkhatsini wemabhokisi etinyosi ngekwenta emalungiselelo lafana ne, kushintjisana kwetintfo letisetjentiswako kanye nekunyakata kwetintfo letitselelekile. Kugadziwe kutsi kusakatwe kuye enyakatfo eminyakeni lesihlanu (2022).

Translated by Phindile Malotana