Izinkinga zokuphefumula zivame kakhulu kuzingulube ezikhiqizwa ngamandla. Ngokusho komhlahlandlela wokukhiqiza we-South African Pork Producer's Organization (SAPPO), i-Pigs for Profit, ukukhwehlela kungabangwa ngenxa yezimo ezinothuli, isibhamu, ikakhulukazi uhlobo olubangelwa amabhaktheriya e-Mycoplasma noma i-Ascaris ekhuphuke emaphashini. Ukuthungela kungase kube ngenxa yezimo ezinothuli noma izifo ezithathelwanayo, nge-rhinitis ye-atrophic, isifo esilimazayo kakhulu.
©National Pork Board, USAI-pneumonia ivame ukuthinta amaqanda kanye nezinkukhu ezincane ezikhulayo. Ngokusho kwencwadi i-Pigs for Profit, ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu ngamabhakteriya noma amagciwane ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu okungabangwa izimo ezinothuli, isimo sezulu esibanda, izinto ezivela ngaphandle, njengokudla noma imithi, noma izidumbu, njengezibungu eziphila noma udlule emaphashini.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka, i-pneumonia ingaba mnene kakhulu, futhi ibangele izinga eliphezulu lokufa. Izimpawu zokutheleleka zibandakanya ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okunzima noma okusheshayo, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukuphelelwa yifiso, isimo esibi, ukukhula kancane nokungafani, umkhuhlane kanye nokukhishwa kwe-blue kwesikhumba.
Ezingulube ezifa nge-pneumonia, amaphaphu ayoba umbala ongajwayelekile kanye nezindawo ezinqunyiwe zizokhuphuka. Izingxenye zamapayipi zingase ziqine njengobindi nesitsheni, ngokusho kwamaPigs for Profit.
Ukwelapha
Ukuze uvimbele i-pneumonia, udinga ukuvimbela izimbangela eziyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokukhiqiza kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile, uthuli lukhululekile futhi luvuthwe kahle. Ukweqa ngokweqile kufanele kuvinjelwe futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ukuvikela izingulube emakhazeni nasezingxenyeni. Ama-pig kufanele abe njalo izinyathelo ezinomsoco futhi ezinzima zokuzikhandla ukuze kuthathwe izinombolo ze-pathogen.
Kukhona imithi yezinhlobo ezithile ze-pneumonia, kodwa amaPig for Profit anikezela ukuthi lezi kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela uma inkinga ethile ibonisiwe epulazini lakho. Ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kungadingeka uma imbangela isifo. Uma ungabaza, cela iseluleko sezempilo wezilwane noma sezilwane ukuthola iseluleko.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala zihlanganisa ukukhipha, ukugcoba nokukhishwa kwamafinyela, ngokukhipha isisu ngokuvame ukubekwa igazi. Kungase kube nokukhishwa kwamehlo, ukukhiqiza i-triangular stain ekhoneni elingaphakathi leso. Ikhala nekhanda elingaphezulu lingase lenzeke, linciphise futhi libhekane. Amachwane ezingulube angase alahlekelwe ukudla kwawo, adle kancane futhi empeleni akhule kabi. Lesi sifo singase sibangele nesifo se-pneumonia futhi sinikeze izingulube ezingasengozini yokutheleleka kwesibili.
Izitshalo zingabonakali ukuthi ziphethe amabhaktheriya, kodwa ubuso babo bungaphambukiswa.
Ukwelapha
Isimo esinothuli, umoya ophuthumayo, umswakama ophansi kanye nokuphazamiseka okweshukela, njengama-ammonia, kungenzeka ukuthi zonke izingulube zibeke phambili ekuthuthukiseni i-Atrophic Rhinitis. Ukuba nendawo yokukhiqiza ehlanzekile, egcwele kahle kuyosiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo. Ukweqa ngokweqile kumele kugwenywe ngoba lokhu kungandisa ukwanda kokuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Izinyathelo ezinhle zokungcola zizosiza, ngoba ukutholakala kwezinye izifo kungenza ingulube ibe yingozi kakhulu ekubhekaneni ne-atrophic rhinitis. Izingulube ezigulayo ezigulayo zingelashwa ngama-antibiotics kanye nokuhlwanyela zingagonywa ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuba singanyathelwanga kuma-piglets.
Inyumonia
Ngokuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka, i-pneumonia ingaba mnene kakhulu, futhi ibangele izinga eliphezulu lokufa. Izimpawu zokutheleleka zibandakanya ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okunzima noma okusheshayo, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukuphelelwa yifiso, isimo esibi, ukukhula kancane nokungafani, umkhuhlane kanye nokukhishwa kwe-blue kwesikhumba.
Ezingulube ezifa nge-pneumonia, amaphaphu ayoba umbala ongajwayelekile kanye nezindawo ezinqunyiwe zizokhuphuka. Izingxenye zamapayipi zingase ziqine njengobindi nesitsheni, ngokusho kwamaPigs for Profit.
Ukwelapha
Ukuze uvimbele i-pneumonia, udinga ukuvimbela izimbangela eziyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokukhiqiza kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile, uthuli lukhululekile futhi luvuthwe kahle. Ukweqa ngokweqile kufanele kuvinjelwe futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ukuvikela izingulube emakhazeni nasezingxenyeni. Ama-pig kufanele abe njalo izinyathelo ezinomsoco futhi ezinzima zokuzikhandla ukuze kuthathwe izinombolo ze-pathogen.
Kukhona imithi yezinhlobo ezithile ze-pneumonia, kodwa amaPig for Profit anikezela ukuthi lezi kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela uma inkinga ethile ibonisiwe epulazini lakho. Ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kungadingeka uma imbangela isifo. Uma ungabaza, cela iseluleko sezempilo wezilwane noma sezilwane ukuthola iseluleko.
I-Atrophic Rhinitis
I-Atrophic Rhinitis eqhubekayo iyisifo sebhakteriya esonakalisa umankankama futhi kubangelwa ukukhubazeka emthonjeni. Ngokusho kwe-The Pig Site, i-rhinitis eqhubekayo ihlasela kakhulu izingulube ezincane, njengezingulube, izimboni kanye nabalimi.Izibonakaliso zokuqala zihlanganisa ukukhipha, ukugcoba nokukhishwa kwamafinyela, ngokukhipha isisu ngokuvame ukubekwa igazi. Kungase kube nokukhishwa kwamehlo, ukukhiqiza i-triangular stain ekhoneni elingaphakathi leso. Ikhala nekhanda elingaphezulu lingase lenzeke, linciphise futhi libhekane. Amachwane ezingulube angase alahlekelwe ukudla kwawo, adle kancane futhi empeleni akhule kabi. Lesi sifo singase sibangele nesifo se-pneumonia futhi sinikeze izingulube ezingasengozini yokutheleleka kwesibili.
Izitshalo zingabonakali ukuthi ziphethe amabhaktheriya, kodwa ubuso babo bungaphambukiswa.
Ukwelapha
Isimo esinothuli, umoya ophuthumayo, umswakama ophansi kanye nokuphazamiseka okweshukela, njengama-ammonia, kungenzeka ukuthi zonke izingulube zibeke phambili ekuthuthukiseni i-Atrophic Rhinitis. Ukuba nendawo yokukhiqiza ehlanzekile, egcwele kahle kuyosiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo. Ukweqa ngokweqile kumele kugwenywe ngoba lokhu kungandisa ukwanda kokuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Izinyathelo ezinhle zokungcola zizosiza, ngoba ukutholakala kwezinye izifo kungenza ingulube ibe yingozi kakhulu ekubhekaneni ne-atrophic rhinitis. Izingulube ezigulayo ezigulayo zingelashwa ngama-antibiotics kanye nokuhlwanyela zingagonywa ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuba singanyathelwanga kuma-piglets.
Translated by Nsika Khoza