Umlando Wemvelo ye-Cradle of Humankind

Itiyori ye-Evolution

©David Fleminger
Itiyori ye-evolotion ayifunywa babantu boke. Nangaphandle kokobana ineminyaka eyi-100 irhujululwa bososayensi kanye ne-storeroom esizele iinsalela-/fossil, kunabantu abanengi abathola kubudisi ukobana bakhambisane nemikhumbulo ye-evolution ngebanga lekolelo yabo yekerege neyabo njengabantu. Kuhle hle indaba ye-evolution isaphikiswa nanamhlanje njengakade ngeskhathi u-Charles Darwin athoma ukuthusa iphasi ngencwadi yakhe egade ithusa eyathengisa khulu ebizwa bona yi-‘On the origin of species’.
Nange unokungabaza ukurhatjheka kwekolelo yokobana i-evolution ayikho, yenza irhubhululo nge-‘creationism’ uzokuthola ilwazi elinengi eliyiphikisako indaba ye-evolution. Nanyana kunjalo lesi akusisikhathi nanyana indawo yokukhuluma ngendaba le.

Ngaphandle kwe-Africa

©David Fleminger
Iinsalela-/fossil zephasi ezingaba khona esele zitholiwe zibalelwa zidlula i-35% ukufikela nje esele zenjiwe endaweni ye-Cradle of Humankind-njenganje sele zifikelele ku-1000 ezitholwe eendaweni ezahlukahlukeneko. Ukudlula lapho, iinsalelezi zzivamise ukutholwa zisalungile nanyana zingakonakali, sithokoza kobana zabulungwa zomile, emarholweni anzima, lokhu kuvumele bona iinzukulwane zabososayensi abambalwa kanye nabasebenza nge-anatomy kobana bembe batjhingele bafune umlando. Begodu usese mnengi!
Ngebanga lokobana i-Cradle of Humankind imumethe amakhulukhulu wensalela ezibufakazi be-flora kanye ne-fauna yendawo yakade. Kwenjiwa kwamarhole ahlukahlukeneko wendawo ye-Cradle of Humankind sele kurholele ebufakazini bokobana kutholwe izinto ezikarisako kwesinye isikhathi ezithusako ekhe zahlala ephasinapha nabezimu bethu: okuzinlwane ezidla utjani kwaphela, amakhondlo, iimfene, amabhafalo amakhulu anempondo ezimamitha amathathu, abokatsu abanamzinyo aqijileko ababizwa bona ma-Dinofelis, inja erarako eyi-wolf ye-Gladysvale, ipera lamazinyo amathathu, indlulamithi yentamo efitjhani. Singasabala ama-dassie amakhulu kanye nempisi ezikulu ngingalibali nefarigi yomango ekulu (egade ingaba nobudisi obuyi-120 yamakhilogramu).
Ukunothe kwendawo ye-Cradle of Humankind, kufana nekwephasinapha, begodu ubufakazi obubudisobu benze kwababudisi ukuphikisa bona abantu abaphuqukileko bavela eSewula Africa ngaphambi kobana batjhinge ePumalanga. I-hypothesis le iqiniswa ngezinye iimbonelo ezinengi zamathulusi enziwe ngelitje atholwa endaweni le.

Kunengi Okusazokutholwa

©David Fleminger
Ngebhadi ngokubona kwe-genealogy, kusese budisi ukwazi ngokuncophileko bona ngubani obelethe ubani, begodu kufanele kuvunywe bona ukobana abantu bavelaphi kusengakaziwa ngokuya ngekwesayensi. Ukuzwisisa kwethu ngabezimu bethu kuthathelwe enomborweni encani yensalela nezinto ezitja okusikatelela bona siragele phambili sibuyelele sifunde ngomuthi wethu womndeni. Kodwana lokhu kungezelela ukuthaba kwethu kokuthola nge-palaeoanthropology begodu ngemva kweminyyaka eyi-80 yokwemba e-Cradle of Humankind kusese kunengi okusazokutholwa. Namhlanje i-Cradle of Humankind kusese yindawo eragela phambili ukurherha izazi ezibuya ephasini loke ezirhuluphelele ukufaka amabizo wazo elistini yabososayensi ebabanendima ebayidlako erhubhululweneli.
Umdlalo wakade we-relay lapha i-evolution yabantu gade ifaniswa nayo lapha bekufaniswa nokobana umhlobo munye wabantu gade udlulisela umunye iingodo kutjengiswe bona awusebenzi. Okuyinto embi ngombana kade kulula, njengesthombe sefene etjhuguluka ibe muntu: Iimfene zatjhuguluka zaba yi-Australopithecus, eyatjhuguluka yaba yi-Homo habilis, eyatjhuguluka yaba yi-Homo erectus, eyatjhuguluka godu yaba yi-Homo sapiens.
Iinsalela ezatholwa e-Cradle of Humankind kanye ne-Eastern Africa sele zitjengise bona gade kunemihlobo eyahukeneko yama-hominids egade ahlala endaweni yinye ngeskhathi sinye. Khuyini okwabangwa kobana umhlobo munye uphile lokha eminye nayifako? Kubudisi ukutjho. Mhlamunye omunye umhlobo wajwayela ncono indawo. Mhlamunye omunye umhlobo wathola amathulusi ancono enza kobana sisinde. Mhlamunye omunye umhlobo wathola ilimi msinya kunomunye. Mhlamunye imihlobo emibili ehlukileko le yahlangana. Nanyana umhlobo munye wabulala eminye. Yoke imibuzo le kusaphikisanwa ngayo emphakathini we-Palaeo, begodu kuncwadi ezinengi ezikhitjhwe bosiyazi abanengi eziphendula a ngokungenelela ngayo yoke imibuzo ebuzwe ngaphezulu le.

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana