Umlando Wokufuya Izinhlanzi Emaphandleni ase-Afrika
Phakathi nesikhathi sokugcina kololoni eminyakeni yama-1960, ukuphathwa kwamanye amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika azame ukukhuthaza amanzi asezindaweni zasemaphandleni, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-tilapia. Ngaleso sikhathi, isiko le-tilapia yokuhweba sasisemncane, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nezinduna zobungqingili kwakungaziwa. Ukuhluleka okwakusakazeka kulezi zinyathelo kanye nezifundo ezitholakala kulezi zinkinga zakha isisekelo sokwanda okuphawulekayo kokulima kwe-tilapia eminyakeni engu-25 edlule emhlabeni jikelele.Ukwethulwa kwe-Oreochromis mossambicus (iMozambique tilapia) eya e-Indonesia phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili yiJapane yakhuthaza ukusetshenziselwa kabanzi kwalezi zinhlobo. Ngeshwa, ukungaqiniseki kwalo ngokushesha kwabonakala. Izizathu zokungaqiniseki kweMozambique tilapia zifaka:
Ukukhula kancane
Ukukhiqiza okukhulu
Ukuma komzimba okungalungile nokuvunwa kweflett
Ukuphika kwesifo esiphansi
Ngomnyaka we-1980 u-O. niloticus (i-tilepia yama-Nile) yaba yimihlobo yezohwebo zangempela kuphela. Uhlelo lwe-GIFT - uhlelo lokuzalanisa okhethekile lwe-'Tilapia Ethuthukisiwe Yamafama 'lwakhiwe ePhilippines futhi lubeka izinga lokulinganisa izinga eliphezulu, elisetshenziswa manje emhlabeni jikelele.
Uhlelo Lokufuya iTilapia - Usiko lwe Kheji
I-Tilapia ingakhiwa ngezinhlelo ezahlukene. Isiko le-Cage emachwebeni amakhulu lenziwa kabanzi eLases Kariba, eVictoria naseVolta, naseMfuleni iNayile. Kodwa-ke, ama-tilapia e-cage amasiko amasistimu axhomeke ku-100% ngokudla okunamafutha abizayo. Izimo zekhwalithi yamanzi kufanele ziholele ekukhuleni okuhle ngesikhathi esifushane kunokwenzeka sokusebenza komnotho.Izindleko zokudla kwe-tilapia kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamasiko ama-tilapia yamasiko amaningi kunamaphesenti aphakeme, amaphuzu ahlanganisiwe ahlanganisiwe okutshalwa kwezimali ezinkampani futhi awafanelekile emaphandleni emiphandleni yasemaphandleni.
Izinhlelo Zokufuya Izinhlanzi - Ukubuyisela Kabusha ama-Aquaculture Systems
Izingozi zokulahlekelwa kwezimpahla eziphezulu ziphezulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yalezi zinhlelo ezisekelwe amandla angu-24/7. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kudingeke ukuthi kusetshenziswe amandla okuzenzekelayo okuzenzekelayo, ukuhlinzeka nokusebenza okusebenzayo kwezobuchwepheshe; zonke izici ezimbi ezindaweni ezikude zasemaphandleni noma emiphakathini.
Izinhlelo Zokufuya i-Tilapia - Usiko lwamachibi
Imiphakathi yasemaphandleni ivame ukude nemithombo ethembekile kagesi. Ngakho-ke izinhlelo zokudoba kufanele zifaneleke ekuhlinzekeni kwamandla namakhono amakhono atholakalayo. ENingizimu ye-Afrika, le miiphakathi ivame ukuhlala endaweni ephansi noma ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi. Zombili lezi zici ezithandayo isiko lokudoba emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi ukulima kwe-tilapia.Amadamu okuchelela, kanti angafaneleki njengamaziko okudoba ngokwabo, anganikeza ngamanzi amaningi amachibi ngaphambi kokuba asetshenziselwe ukuchelela. Ukubekwa kwemiklamo yokulima ye-tilapia engaphansi kwamadamu amancane noma emanzini okuchelela kunconywa.
Izidingo zekhono lomhlaba lokudoba izinhlanzi zasemanzini zifundwa kalula futhi azidingi izinga lokunethezeka namakhono njengoba kudingwa yi-RAS. Isiko se-Earth Pond silungele imiphakathi yasemaphandleni lapho amakhono anjalo engekho khona okwamanje.
Translated by Nsika Khoza