Inhlobo Ehlukene Yezingulube

©Elsabe Visser
The large white is a big pig with exceptional growth rate.
Ngenxa yokuthi akukho mhlobo ophelele futhi uhlobo ngalunye lukwazi amandla nobukhulu obuhlukile, ukukhethwa kohlobo kuyindaba yokuzikhethela. Uma wenza lokhu kukhetha, akufanele ucabange nje ngamakhono akho okukhiqiza, kodwa futhi noma unayo imakethe eqhubekayo yomkhiqizo wakho nokuthi ngabe uzokwazi yini ukunikeza uhlobo lokudla kanye nenduduzo edingekayo ngohlobo oluthile ukuze lukhule.
Ukuzalanisa iziqhingi ezingasetshenziswa kungasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinyama, kanti inzalo yalezi zinsika zidayiswa emakethe.

Enkulu Emhlophe

Loluhlobo lwesiNgisi lwasungulwa eNingizimu Afrika ngase-1890. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, luhlobo olukhulu olunesikhumba esimhlophe olukhiqiza amalitha amakhulu enempilo ngamanani okukhula okungafani nokusebenza kahle kokudla. Benza omama abavikelekile kanye nama-boars yizisebenzi ezinhle, nakuba ezinye izifo zivuthiwe ngasekupheleni, emva kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ubudala.
Izingulube ezimhlophe ezimhlophe zibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezimbili zokuzaliswa kwezinhloso futhi uma ziwela nezinye izinhlobo ezihlanzekile, zizokhiqiza inzalo (inzalo) ye-bacon uhlobo oluhle kakhulu. Bakha izitshalo zezinsikazi nezimfanelo ezinhle zokukhiqiza, lapho ziwela i-Landrace.

I-Landrace

©Glenneis Kriel
Landrace pigs have excellent growth rates.
I-Landrace wuhlobo lwesiDanishi olunesikhumba esimhlophe esakhiwe ngokudlulela kwabaningi abamhlophe ngamaDigan amaPigan. Baqala ukungeniswa kusukela eHolland kuya eNingizimu Afrika ngo-1952. Ukuzalwa kuhlotshaniswa namazinga aphakeme okukhula nokudla kahle, kuyilapho ukukhula okuthuthukisiwe kubonakala ngezici zayo ezinhle zokubeletha; ukhiqiza amalitha amakhulu ngokujwayelekile ngezikhathi ezide.
Isikimu sokuhlola isizukulwane saseNingizimu Afrika, saqala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1950, saholela ekuthuthukeni okuphawulekayo, ukuthi lolu hlobo lwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Landrace yaseNingizimu Afrika. Ngokusho kwencwadi kaDavid Visser, i-Modern Pig Production, i-South African strain ihlotshaniswa nezinkinga zokuhlala ngenxa yokukhanya okweqile kwamathambo, kuyilapho ezinye zezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kwezilwandle zasemazweni angaphandle zikwazi ukucindezeleka, zikhungethwe izimo ezishisayo zezulu nezindlela ezide ukuya emakethe.

I-Chester White

©Liezel Grobler
Lolu hlobo lwavela e-United States kusukela ekudluleleni phakathi kwezilwane zaseYorkshire naseLincolnshire. I-Chester Whites yokuqala yayingeniswa esuka e-United States iya eNingizimu Afrika ngo-1983. Uhlobo, olunesikhumba esimhlophe, lukhulu, luba namathambo amahle futhi lwenza amabhodi asebenza kahle. Bahluma ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzulu futhi ezinomqondo ojulile futhi basebenzisa ngokuyinhloko njengohlobo lokubeletha oluwela nge-White Whites noma Landraces. Abekho abakhiqizi abaningi baseChester Whites eNingizimu Afrika.

I-Duroc

©Elsabe Visser
Duroc boars are primarily used in crosses with white breeds.
Lolu hlobo olubomvu olubomvu lwaluvela e-United States kusuka ezinhlangeni ezine zezingulube ezibomvu. Yayingeniswa kuqala eNingizimu Afrika evela eCanada ngo-1980, ukuze itholakale inhlobo yesithathu, ngokuyinhloko ngezinhloso zokuhlukana.
Amabhodlela ane-libido enhle futhi asetshenziselwa kakhulu emithanjeni ngemikhuba emhlophe yendabuko, ekhiqiza inzalo ngezinga eliphakeme lokukhula, ukusebenza kahle kokudla kanye nekhwalithi yenyama. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Pig yanamuhla, ixwayisa ukumaketha kwayo yonke inzalo, ngoba izuza ingxenye yezinhlayiya ze-Duroc ezibhekene nombala obomvu obomvu wohlobo oludala izinkinga ezithwalweni. Uhlobo lwe-Duroc, noma kunjalo, luveza inyama enobuthi obuhle kakhulu kakhulu kunaleyo yezinye izinhlobo eziningi.
Izitshalo zikhiqiza amalitha amakhulu, kodwa zibhekwa njengomama ompofu. Uhlobo alukwazi kakhulu ukucindezeleka.

Translated by Nsika Khoza