Ingabe Umhlonyane Ukwazi Ukwelapha Umdlavuza?

© Marinda Louw
Umhlonyane, i-Artemisia afra - isitshalo esihle kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i- wildeals (isiBhunu), umhlonyane (isiXhosa), ne-lengana ngesi-Tswana. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 ze-Artemisia emhlabeni jikelele, eziningi zisebenzise imithi kodwa i-A. afra yiyona kuphela izinhlobo zomdabu kuleli hlobo. Isetshenziselwa ekwelapheni uqhuqho, ikhanda, umtshumane kanye nokukhulisa indlala. Ukushisa amaqabunga nokuhogela umusi kusiza ukucacisa indlela yokuphefumula, ngaleyo ndlela kwelapha ubanda obuvamile, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane kanye nombefu.
Izimpande, iziqu kanye namaqabunga asetshenziswa futhi zilungiselelwe njengemuthi wokugeza nokugcoba umzimba. Kubuye kubhenywe (ukululaza nokunciphisa ubuhlungu bomphimbo), noma ukuphuzwa njengetiye (elibaba kakhulu). Kuthathwa njengetiye, amakhambi aphatha isilumo futhi axosha izimpethu. Enye yezenzo ezivame kakhulu ukufaka amaqabunga amasha emakhaleni ukuze usule amavesi angama-nasal futhi avimbele ukuphuma kwempumu. Ibuye isetshenziswe kumasokisi ezinyawo ezijulukayo futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugologo. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengomfafazo wokuxosha izinambuzane.
Amaqabunga afudumele asetshenziswe njekunciphiseni isifo esibanga ukuqaqamba kwamalungu omzimba njalo kusetshenziswe njengento yokugcoba kungaphatha ama-hemorrhoids. Izifundo zokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa komdabu kwalokhu zihlose ukuthola isisombululo ekuphatheni izifo zanamuhla ezifana nesifo sikashukela, izifo zenhliziyo, umdlavuza ne izifo zokuphefumula. Enye iphrojekthi yokucwaninga yabheka ukusetshenziswa kuka-Artemisia ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kwamagciwane ezinkukhu. Kunezinhlobo ezine zamalungelo obunikazi ezanikezwa i-A. afra - amabili esifo sikashukela, owodwa umdlavuza kanye nesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo.
ENingizimu Afrika amaqabunga kanye neziqu eziluhlaza zivunelwa ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha abalulekile. Ukuvunwa kokubili kwenziwa - phakathi nonyaka futhi ngasekupheleni kwehlobo / ekwindla ekuqaleni. Amakhemikhali abalulekile ahlukaniswe eziqongweni zezimbali aphethe isivuno samafutha aphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ephakeme. Ukuvuna kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube phakathi nesikhathi lapho ikhwalithi yamafutha ingcono kakhulu. Ukubilisa komusi kukhiqiza amafutha adingekayo.
Amafutha e-Artemisia angenezelwa ebhodweni ukuphatha ubuhlungu bokuya esikhathini nangemva kokubeletha. Amafutha anezinga eliphakeme le-thujone okufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye konesithuthwane. Lena imifino engafanele ithathwe isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 ngoba ingabangela ikhanda nokuthuthumela. (I-Thujone ikhona ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-Artemisia ne-A. absinthium ezenza ingxenye enkulu ye-thujone etholakala ku-Absinthe, eyaziwa ngokuthi ibe nemiphumela ethinta ingqondo.)
Njengamanje, azikho izilimo ezibhalisiwe ze-A. afra eNingizimu Afrika. Ezinye izinhlobo ezilinywa eNingizimu Afrika yi-Artemisia absinthium (umhlonyane ovamile), u-Artemisia dracunculus (tarragon), u-Artemisia vulgaris, (owaziwa nangokuthi mugwort, felon, isitshalo sikaSt John, u-bulwand, ugwayi nojinja oluhlaza) no-Artemisia annua (umhlonyane waseChina noma umhlonyane omnandi). U-Artemisia vulgaris uhlala eMpumalanga Kapa.
I-Artemisia ivame eNingizimu Afrika futhi inokusabalalisa okubanzi. Isihlahlana esikhangayo isitshalo esithandwayo futhi silula ukukhula. Iyaziwa ngamagatsha ayo aphuzi futhi iphunga elimnandi ngenkathi ethintwa noma enqunywe. Ikhula ezinhlangothini ezinzima ze-busum kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-2 m phezulu. Ukusabalalisa kwenziwa ngezithombo, noma imbewu ehlwanyelwe entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.
U-Artemisia uthanda inhlabathi egcwele ne langa. Ngenxa yezinto ezinhle zokubulala izinambuzane u-Artemisia uyisitshalo esisebenzayo sokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwezinambuzane ezitshalweni. (Funda kabanzi mayelana nokutshala izitshalo ezihambisanayo.)
I-Artemisia yasendle itholakala ekuphakameni kuka-2 500 m eduze kwemifudlana nasemaphethelweni ehlathi. Okwamanje (2012) kutshalwa ngezinga elinganiselwe eMidlands yaseKwaZulu-Natali, eMpumalanga (eNelspruit), eGauteng (ePitoli), e-Eastern Cape nasesifundazweni saseLimpopo.

Isexwayiso Sezokwelapha

Lolu lwazi olokufundisa nokwazisa kuphela ngakho-ke akufanelwe luthathwe njengeseluleko sokwelapha. Ngalolu lwazi akuhlosiwe kuvala isikhala seseluleko sezokwelapha noma ukwelapha kodokotela abakhokhelwayo.

Translated by Nsika Khoza