Yintoni Ukutyalwa kunye Kwezityalo?

© Marinda Louw
Ukutyalwa kunye kwezityalo, nokuxuba izityalo kuxa izivuno ezimbini nangaphezulu, zombini okanye zonke zibeyi nzuzo kwesinye isityalo, zityalwe kufuphi nesinye njengoko ngokwee khemikhali zincedisana (zingavikelana) ukukhula zande ngokomyinge kwaye zandiswe. Isifundo esenziwe ngo 2005 no 2006 eNew Jersey, eMelika safumanisa okokuba ukutyala i(dill) nezinye izityalo, coriander, ne buckwheat ene bell peppers ziyabunyusa ubukho bezinambuzane eziluncedo, ezathomalalisa umonakalo owenziwe zi European corn borers, esona sitshabalalisi sikhulu kwezinye izilwanyane.
Ukutyalwa kunye kwenzelwe ukuphuhlisa ukwahlulwa kwezityalo emhlabeni kwaye inoncedo olukhu ekulimeni izityalo eziphilayo. Ngaphandle kokwandisa ukwahlukana kwezityalo, ukutyala zonke izityalo nokutyala endaweni enye kunceda ukutyebisa umgangatho womhlaba, nokubakho kwezinongo emhlabeni.

Izityalo Ezityalwa kunye Zibeluncedo

Ngamanye amaxesha izityalo ezimbalwa ziyohlulwa Phakathi kwesivuno, umzekelo, amakhaphetshu atyaliweyo phakathi kwesityalo sethanga. I-Aphids zitsalwa zikhaphetshu, kwaye zinga wahoyi amathanga.
Omnye umzekelo kuxa umbona, imbotyi ezinde, namathanga zityalwe kunye. Iimbotyi zinikeza initrogen emhlabeni, umbona uba ngumseki wesiqu wamaqokobhe wembotyi, ikhusele nethanga kwi squash vine borers logama ithanga ligquma umhlaba lithintele noku khula kokhula. (Enye indlela embi yeyokuba izityalo zingacinezela ezinye okanye zitshabalalise ukukhula kwazo, umzekelo imbotyi mazingadityaniswa namatswele okanye fennel, khaphetshu ne tomato akufanelanga zidityaniswe).
Ezinye izityalo (rosemary, ne Aartimisia afra – African wormwood) engumhlonyane ngesiXhosa zizityalo ezigxotha izinambuzane. Ezinye izityalo ezifana neminqathe, fennel ne yarrow zinomtsalane kwizinambuzane eziluncedo ezifana ne wasps, ladybirds, no (uhlobo lwenyosi) ihoverflies. Ngesiqhelo, izityalo (herbs) zisetyenziswa njengezityalo ezikhapha ezinye. Bona letafile isezantsi ukufumana ingcebiso yokuba izityalo zingadityaniswa njani ukuze zibeluncedo kwezinye.

Izityalo Ezikulungeleyo Nezinga Kulungelanga Ukuba Ngabalingane

Incwadi ye phulo le Surplus People Project (SPP) yezolimo ezingaxutywanga (organic) ebizwa ngokuba yi ‘yimithetho emayilandelwe yokulima noku velisa imfuyo’ lencwadi ithe yacebisa ezi zityalo zilandelayo okokuba zibengabalingane bezinye izityalo:
uHlobo loMfuno: Iimbotyi
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: Yi marigolds, beetroot, ikhaphetshu, iminqathe, ikholiflawa, iseleri, ityhukhamba, umbona, amazambane, kunye namaqunube
Ezingathandwayo: Yi Dill, fennel, zonke iintlobo zemifuno ezi kusapho lwetswele
uHlobo loMfuno: Iibeets
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: Asparagus, itswele, ikolhrabi, imbotyi zasendle, ilethasi, izityalo ezisuka kusapho lwe khaphetshu
Ezingathandwayo: Yi mustard, ne nembotyi zepali (pole beans)
uHlobo loMfuno: Ikhaphetshu
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: Ibeetroot, seleri, chives, dill, amatswele, rosemary, sage, thyme
Ezingathandwayo: Dill, fennel, zonke iintlobo eziphantsi kosapho lwetswele
uHlobo loMfuno: Iminqathe
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: iBasil, chives, lethasi, amatswele ne peas
Ezingathandwayo: iBroccoli, ikhaphetshu, kholiflawa, dill, fennel, namazambane
uHlobo loMfuno: Iseleri
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: Marigolds, iimbotyi, broccoli, khaphetshu, leeks, parsley, amatswele amileyo aluhlaza, itomato
Ezingathandwayo: Azikho
uHlobo loMfuno: Thyukhamba
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: Iimbotyi, ipepper eziluhlaza ngombala, ilethasi, nasturtiums, radishes
Ezingathandwayo: Amachiza, imixoxozi, amazambane
uHlobo loMfuno: Eggplant
Abalingani bezityalo ezizithandayo: Ibasil, iimbotyi, ilethasi, peas, amazambane, ispinatshi
Ezingathandwayo: Azikho

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie