Zwimela zwa Tshilimo Afrika Tshipembe

© Louise Brodie
Tshimela tshine tsha vha uri ndi tsha vhuthogwa tsha khalanwaha ya tshilimo ndi mavhele, soybeans, na mbeu ya sunflower, groundnuts na sorghum.

Mavhele

©Louise Brodie
Ndi tshinwe tsha tshimela tshine tsha vha uri ndi tsha ndeme tshine tsha vha uri tshi ya tavhiwa Afrika Tshipembe, sa vhunga mugayo mutshena hu tshinwe tsha tshiliwa tshine tsha vha uri ndi tshi hulwane na mavhele a tshitopi ndi hone hune ha bva hone maanda a u thoma zwine zwi ya liwa na kha dzi khuhu na u bveledzwa ha mafhi.
Fhasi ha nyimelo dzine dza vha uri dzo doweleya, hu ya kona u bveledzwa mugayo une wa vha uri wo lingana u fusha thodea dza vhathu vhapo wa dovha wa iswa na kha mashango a nnda u fana na Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique na Angola, na kha manwe mashango ane anga vho, Japan, Iran, Kenya na Venezuela.
Vhunzhi ha mugay wa Afrika Tshipembe u bveledziwa tshilimo hune ha vha hu tshi khou na dzi mvula, hune wa wana Free state hu hone hune a bveledzwa nga vhunzhi, zwi tshi khou bva kha mutsho na u kona u rengisa, ha tevheliwa nga North west na Mpumalanga. Gauteng na Kwazulu-Natal ndi vhone vhane vha bveledza nnzhi vhukuma.

Soybeans

©Courtesy of National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff. Des Moines, IA USA
Afrika Tshipembe i bvisa nnzhi vhukuma i tshi khou thusa kha u hula ha zwiliwa zwa zwifuwo nwaha munwe na munwe, zwine zwo tutuwedziwa nga u hula ha thodea ya zwiliwa zwine zwa vha na protein nnzhi nga maanda kha vhathu vhane vha vha uri avho ngo tou pfumesa.
U bveledzwa ho no hula nga zwine zwa swika 15% na 20% nga nwaha vhukati ha 2009 na 2019, dzi tshi khou bva kha u dzhenelela kha zwa ushumiswa ha soyabean dzi nduni, uya nga vha Bureau for Food and Agriculture Policy, zwi kha di lavhelelwa uri zwi do hula nga 2,9% nga nwaha uri i kone u swika kha 962 ya zwigidi nga hectare nga 2027.
Dzine dza vha dzi songo dala dzi ya bveledziwa kha shango, hune nnzhi dza vha dzi tshi khou bva Free state na Mpumalanga tshilimo hu tshi khou na mvula.

Mbeu ya Sunflower

©Louise Brodie
Haya maluvha ndi tshone tshiko tshihulwane tshine ha bva kha tsho mapfura, ngeno huna uri mapfura a cake a shumiswa sa tshiko tsha protein kha ratio ya zwifuwo. Vha Grain SA vha i talusa sa tshithu tshine tsha shuma kha u shandukisa tshimela, ya dovha ya kona u hula kha u fhambana ha mavu na u kona u kondelela na murotho wo kalulaho. Ya dovha ya tavhanya u hula u fhira mavhele, u nga kona u itavha u lenga kha nyimelo dzine mutsho wa sa vhe wavhudi.
I kaniwa tshilimo hune ha vha huna dzi mvula, hune nnzhi dzi vha dzo dalesa vhukuma Free State, ha tevheliwa nga North West na Limpopo. Zwi ya konda u wana dzine dza bveledziwa Western Cape na Kwazulu Natal.

Groundnuts

Afrika Tshipembe ndi hone hune ha bveledziwa dzi tshi iswa kha manwe mashango, fhedzi dzinwe dzi ya da na nga nwaha sa zwine zwa da na na zwine zwa vha zwi tshi khou bva. Mapfura ane avha tshi khou itwa nga nduhu dza Groundnut aya shuma kha u bika, na u ita zwa u dodza kha vhurotho kana zwithu zwa u kulumaga, ngeno mapfura a cake a tshi vha atshi khou liwa nga zwifuwo, nau ita manyoro na u ita glue na dzi antibiotic.
Ndi tshiko tshihulwane tsha pfushi Kwazulu Natal na Mpumalanga. Iya bveledziwa kha mavundu a Western hune ha vha na dzi mvula dza tshilimo, hune vhunzhi hadzo dza vha dzi tshi khou bva Free State na North West.
Dzine dza vha uri dzo vhala musi dzi tshi khou bveledziwa dzi vha dzi tshi khou bveledziwa fhethu hune ha vha uri ho oma nga mulandu wa u dura ha zwa usheledza. Dzine dza vha thukhu dzi ya bveledziwa Northern Cape na Limpopo.

Mufhoho

©Grain SA
U gonya ha mufhiso zwo ita uri hu vhe na u dovholola kha u bveledziwa ha mufhoho, nga mulandu wa uri hetshi tshimela tshi ya konda, tshi ya kona nau kondelela gomelelo tsha dovha tsha sa tou toda madi manzhi musi u tshi khou vhambedza na mavhele. Mufhoho wo shumiswa nga vhathu vhanzhi vha tshi khou ushumisa sa zwiliwa na halwa, hune ha vha na pfushi khawo u fana na zwinwe zwimela.
Vhunzhi hayo ine ya vha Afrika Tshipembe i bveledziwa tshilimo, hune ya vha yo dalesa vhukuma Limpopo. Hune ha vha na dzinwe dzine dza vha nnzhi dzine dza bveledziwa North west, Free State na Mpumalanga.

Nawa Dzine dza vha dzo Oma

Afrika Tshipembe ahu bveledziwi nnzhi dzine dza swika vhathu vha hone. Zwine zwa sia vhunzhi hayo i tshi vha i tshi khou da i tshi bva China nwaha munwe na munwe. Hezwi zwimela azwi tou vha tshikho tsha protein fhedzi na fibre dzi dovha dza vha tshithu tshine tshi ya kona u ima vhuimoni ha nama fhedzi zwi dovha zwa vha zwithu zwa vhudi zwa u thusa vhalimi kha u shandukisa ha tshimela, zwine zwa thusa kha mutakalo wa mavu.
Dziya bveledziwa u mona na shango hune vhunzhi hadzo dza vha dzi tshi khou bva Free state, North west, Limpopo na Mpumalanga hune ha vha na dzi mvula dza tshilimo.

Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe