Vukati hi Ndzhavuko wa xi Xhosa

© Dr Peter Magubane

Milawu ya Vukati bya xi Nguni

Vukati kuya hi ndzhavuko abyi laviwa ehandle ka rixaka ra vona, leswi aswi hambanile swinene eka tinxaka ta va Nguni hiku angarhela. N’wana un’wana na un’wana wa mu Nguni a tswariwa ehansi ka vatswari kumbe tinxaka tohambana naswona kuva mitekana hi rixaka akuri xiyila lexikulu swinene.

Exikarhi ka ma Xhosa, lava avari vanhu lava rhandzaka swilo leswingariki na xihoxo, vukati bya vona abyingavi na vuxaka lebyinga hlanganaka na tinxaka ta vakokwani wa vona va mune. Vukarhi abyiri lebyingariki na vuxaka, leswi vulaka leswaku wansati a tshama na nuna wa yena na vanhu vaka vona.

Vukati byakona abyiri bya tshengwe, na swona tihosi na vavanuna lavanga fuma vangana tihomu totala ava teka vavasati votlula un’we, naswona hi minkarhi yin’wana ava kota ku teka mune kumbe kutlula wa vavasati. Ava hambanyiseka eka xiyimo hikokwalaho ka kuhambana ka tiyindlu. Exikarhi ka ma Xhosa, ku hambanyiseka lokukulu exikarhi ka Great House na Right-Hand House.

Nsati Nkulu

Nsati nkulu ari na vutihlamuleri byaku tswala n’wana wa jaha na mudyandzhaka, n’wana lonkulu, loyi angata teka ndzhawu ya tata wa yena- hosi kumbe kuva nhloko ya muti endzhaku kaloko tata wa yena a hundzile emisaveni. Nsati nkulu wa hosi hixitalo akuri wansati wa xiyimo, n’wana wa xisati wa hosi yale kusuhi (Khoisan kumbe Thembu princess).

N’wana wa jaha wa wanuna wa Right-Hand, n’wana wosungula wa jaha wa nsati wa Right-Hand, nayena ari hosi kumbe nhloko ya muti, ari na mintlhambi yayena, vana na valandzeri. Hambiswiritano ari na vutihlamuleri byaku ti tumbuluxela vuhosi byakwe kumbe kaya rakwe hikuya teka ndzhawu leyi ayinga tshamisekangi kusukela khale.

Vavasati vo engetelela ava tekiwa tani hi vaseketeri (amaqadi) eka tiyindlu timbirhi letikulu naswona ava hambanyisiwa kuya hi xiyimo xa vona. Mbuyelo wun’wana wankoka wakuva hosi kuva yiteka nsati nkulu endzhaku, endzhaku kaloko a teke van’wana, akuri leswaku nwana wa mufana na mudya ndzhaka ava ari ntsongo eka loyi anga nkulu nova na ntokoto wajaha wa Right-Hand.

Leswi aswitisa ntlimbo na nkwetlembetano exikarhi ka vamakwavu lava. Kunuhana makhehele loku exikarhi ka nwana wa jaha wa Right-Hand na jaha nkulu swinga hetelela swi endla leswaku lonkulu a tekela lowunwana vuhosi, kufana naleka Tshawe na Cirha lavanga hlamuseriwa ekusunguleni. Loko swingaritano, swinga vanga leswaku kuva na ku avana kumbe ku avana eka vuhosi hibyoxe, kufana na nyimpi exikarhi ka Rharhabe na Gcaleka.

Loko wanuna a teke nsati wun’we, leswi aswi tolovelekile eka vanhu lavangariki na nchumu, nsati wakwe wosungula hiyena a hundzukaka nsati nkulu kutani n’wana wa mativula wa jaha hiyena mudya ndzhaka. Vavasati lavanga tekiwa tani hi tshengwe un’wana na un’wana arina muti wayena xikan’we na swaku tihanyisa tani hi tihomu xikan’we na tinsimu ta mavele leswaku ata hlayisa ndyangu wakwe. Nsati wa hosi wa Right-Hand ari na yindlu yayena emphukeni nyana na muti wa hosi.

Ku Burisana hi Ndzovolo

©Dr Peter Magubane

Ku yisiwa ka tihomu (ikazi) kusuka e mutini wakava nuna kuya ekava nsati aswitekiwa tani hi ku tiyisisa vukati xikan’we naku hakela kulahlekeriwa hi mintirho ka tatana loyi n’wana wa yena a tekiwaka. Mburisano wa ndzovolo exikarhi ka mindyangu leyimbirhi swinga tika swinene naku nonoha, ngopfu ngopfu loko swita eka kufikelela nhlayo ya tihomu leti tifanelaka ku hakeriwa.

Ku hakeriwa ka tihomu aswi tirha tani hi ndziriso: loko kotshuka wansati loyi anga khomiwi kahle evukatini bya yena, anga tlhelela ekaya naswona nuna wa yena utava a lahlekeriwe hi xuma. Wanuna loyi akumaka tihomu taku lovoleriwa n’wana anga tirhisa tona ku teka nsati un’wana kumbe angati hlayisa leswaku tita pfuna n’wana wa yena wa jaha kuva aya lovola nsati wayena.

Leswi hiswona aswi endla leswaku tihomu ta ndzovolo akuri tona leti ati jika jika tani hi rifuwo, laha vavasati ava famba vaya e tlhelo lerin’wana kasi tihomu tiya eka rin’wana. Vavuri va rito, va endle xihoxo xaku teka lobola kuri ntsengo wo xava nsati, leswinga endla leswaku kungaha landzeleriwi milawu.

Hambi leswi vukati byi talaka kuva byi tiyisisiwa e kerekeni kumbe e khoto yaka majistarata masiku lawa, lobola ayi nyamalalangi, hambi leswi masiku lawa yi hakeriwaka hi mali yinene leyi ringanisiwaka na ntsengo wa tihomu. Vukati bya xintu akungari ntsena ku endla ximfumu vuxaka exikarhi ka vanhu va rimbewu ro hambana hi xikongomelo xaku tswala vana.

Xa nkoka ngopfu, akuri ndlela yo aka vuxaka exikarhi ka mintlawa leyi ayingari na vuxaka, leswi swinga swona leswi aswi endla leswaku ku teka xaka a swiyirisiwa.

Vutomi bya Makoti Byintshwa

Endzhaku ka vukati, n’wingi uva ari munhu wale handle eka kaya rayena lerintshwa. A fanele a kombisa ku hambana xikan’we na nhlonipho (intlonipho) eka vatswari va nuna wa yena na swirho swa muti leswikulu emutini; angata fikelela muti hikuva a tsemakanya hile ndyangu, kambe a fanele kuta hile ndzhaku ka yindlu; anga pfumeleriwangi ku nghena exivaleni xa tihomu. Xiyimo xa wansati loyi a tekiweke emutini xiya xi antsw loko ava na vana kutani vakula.

Vavasati lavangale masikwini ava tekiwa va thyakisa tihomu naswona hiswona swiendlaka leswaku vanga pfumeleriwi e xivaleni. Loko se va hundzile eka xiyimo xa menopause, xiyimo se xiva xiringana na xawanuna. Se a pfumeleriwa kuya nale byaleni xikan’we na mphahlo xikan’we naku dzaha phayiphi.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni