Museum wa Mapungubwe

Swifaniso na Swin’wana

©Roger de la Harpe
Xiphemu xa xikongomelo xa museum akuri ku hlayisa leswinga hlengeletiwa leswaku rixaka leritaka rita vuyeriwa. Yitirhisana nava South African Institute of Objects leswaku vata kuma ndzawulo leyi tirhanaka nati metallics leswaku vata tirhisana na vaaki kuva vavuyelerisa. Sian Tiley, muendli wa Mapungubwe Museum, u hatlisa ku kombeta leswaku museum wu endla ku tlula ku kombisa swilo endzeni ka mabokisi ya mabodlhela. Yina switirhisiwa hinkwaswo swa museum: vulavisisi, nhlayiso, dyondzo na swinwana. Yitlhela yiva yona leyi tisaka vukorhokeri lebyikulu eka swilo hinkwaswo leswinge Mapungubwia; kunyikela maphepha, swinepe naswin’wana switirhisiwa.

Ntirhisano wu Endliwa

Ndzi vutise Sian mayelana na vuxaka bya museum nava SAN parks. Loko a hlamula uvule leswaku ivuxaka lebyinga kahle swinene. “SAN Parks hiyona yi fambisaka Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape, kukatsa na ntanga hinkwawo. Kasi univhesithi yona yitekeriwa enhlokweni tani hi valawuri va ximfumo na vinyi va hinkwaswo leswinga hlengeletiwa swa Mapungubwe. Naswona vuhlayisi ahi vutshila ntsena kambe, vuhlayiselo bya mahungu, vuxokoxoko na matimu. Naswona hi endle ntirhisano waku fambisa Mapungubwe hinkwayo.”
“Eka nkarhi lowu, kufikela loko Mapungubwe yitava yiri na ndzhawu ya vuhlayiselo ya kahle, hi tirha tani hivahlayisi vankarhi nyana. Eka malembe yambirhi lawa yanga hundza, hikumile madzana dzana ya swilo swavutshila swintshwa loko hirikarhi hi pfuxelela lomu kunga ceriwa khale. Kambe ahina ndzhawu yo swiveka e museum, se hi hlohletela leswaku swilo leswinga kumeka, leswi swinga swa Mapungubwe National Park, swiya kona. Leswaku, siku rinwana vatava na ndzhawu ya vona yaku endla vulavisisi eka yona, vanga endla nhlayiso wa vona.”

Nkombiso wa Mani na Mani

Loko ndzi vutisa leswaku xana xibejwani xandhuma xa nsuku xita helela xitlhelerisiwe e Mapungubwe, Sian u hlamule aku: “Kahle kahle, Yunivhesithi yiseketela leswaku swilo leswi swandhuma, swotani hi xibejwani, kuva switlhelela eka ndzhawu yaswona ya ntumbuluko. Kambe eka nkarhi wa sweswi, a hi lulamisi xibejwani ntsena kuva xiri laha (e museum). Hi endla na nkombiso wa nkarhi nyana, hikuva xikongomelo hileswaku Mapungubwe yifanele ku famba na tiko hinkwaro, nkombiso wa matiko yale handle na yan’wana. Museum wuna switirhisiwa swo antswa kutlula leswinga e ntangeni wa swiharhi. Se kuna mburisano. Kambe hile kutirhisaneni nava SAN parks kutlula 25 wa malembe. Hi vatirhisani va kahle.”
Njhekanjhekisano ehenhla ka vutshamo byo hetelela bya xibejwani lexi xa nsuku wahaya emahlweni. Lexi i xivumbiwa xa ntumbuluko, lexinga talela hi tinhlamuselo totala kusuka eka mintlawa yohambana hambana. Ndzi twile hi ta xitori xa n’anga leyinga vhakela museum. Laha loko a languta xibejwani lexi anga sungula ku pfumala ntshamiseko. Vale hansi avan’wi chinghela, loko avula. Ava lava leswaku ateka xibejwani lexi a famba na xona. Laha a hlamusela leswaku loko oka anga endli tano, vale hansi vata rhukana ndyangu wayena. Endzhaku ko burisana na yena vahlayisi van’wi hlamusele leswaku xibejwani lexi axiri xa tiko naswona munhu loyi anga kotaka kun’wi pfuna i president ariyexe. Endzhaku ka sweswo, n’anga leyi yisuke yifamba yikongoma etlhelo rale Union Buildings.

Ku Vhakela Museum wa Mapungubwe

©Roger de la Harpe
Khemphasi ya yunivhesithi ya Pretoria yina swihlamariso swotala. I ndhzawu leyi kokaka rinoko swinene, leyingana byasi bya rihlaza na tindzhawu letinga pfaleka nyana naswona yina ti museum to hlaya nyana. Leti tikatsa Edoardo Villa Museum (muvatli wa ndhuma wa laha kaya), Anton van Wouw Collection (muvatli wa ndhuma), Van Tilburg collection (laha kuna ti ceramics kusuka e Europe na China), University of Pretoria art collection xikan’we na Mapungubwe Museum. Timbala ta khamphasi leyi titele hi swivatliwa leswikulu swa Edoardo Villa, naswona kuna nkatsakanyo wa swotala, kusukela eka nkarhi wa Union kuya eka nkatsakanyo wa ximanguva lawa wa ma-Afrikaner lowu awuri na ndhuma hi malembe yava 70s.
Mapungubwe Museum yikumeka eka muako wa vutshila wa khale, xivumbeko xosaseka swinene ya sandstone yak hale lexingana switepisi na mafasitere. Kahle kahle, laha akuri khale ka kaya ra ndzawulo leyi tirhanaka na matimu, laha Professor Fouché anga kuma mahungu ya Mapungubwe rosungula kona kusuka eka Jerry van Graan.

Nhlonhlori ya Nhlengeleto

Hambi leswi yingana kutlula 20 000 visitors a year, votala vavona kuva kuri tendzo ta xikolo, Mapungubwe Museum i yintsongo swinene. Sweswi kuna kamara rin’we ra nkombiso, leri kombisaka leswinene swa vuhlayisi lebyi. Exikarhi ka kamara, ndzhawu ya vutinyungubyisi yinyikiwe xibejwani, swilo leswi aswi khomiwa hi vafumi na ndhichi. Kuvona swilo leswi hi matihlo ya wena i ntokoto lowu lavekaka.
Ehandle ka xivumbeko xa swona lexintsongo, vutshila na vurhon’wani lebyinga vakona eka ku endliwa ka swona byitele. Aswitshembisi leswaku swina malembe yoringana 700. Ku vangama ko kufumela ka nsuku lowu kuvonaka ku dzudze malembe lawa yotala. Leswi i ndzhaka ya tiko (xikan’we na misava hinkwayo) ya xiyimo xale henhla.
Swin’wana swa swilo leswi nyanyulaka swinene swikombisiwile endzeni ka mabokisi lawa yanga vekeriwa makhumbini yale handle naswona kuna leswinga tsariwa eka bokisi rin’wana na rin’wana kupfuneta leswaku vanhu vatwisisa xitori xa Mapungubwe.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni