Muscat de Frontgnan
Muscadel

Nhlamuselo

Muscadel e Afrika Dzonga swivula Muscat de Blanc à Petite Grains , leswi loko swi hlamuseriwa swivulaka Muscat yo basa leyingana mihandzu yo cikinya. Yitekiwa tani hi misinya yak hale swinene ya madiriva. Afrika Dzonga yihumelerisa misinya ya kahle yo basa leyi fanaka swinene kambe kuhambana kule ka mihandzu leyi tswariwaka. Yitirhisiwa ngopfu kuhumelerisa tiwayeni.

Ntumbuluko

Leswi ku tshembiwaka swona ngopfu hileswaku Va-Roma vat eke minsinya leyi ya xi-Greek va yiyisa e France, laha yinga fika yi byariwa swinene e Frontignan. Hikokwalaho ka sweswo, misinya leyi yivitaniwa Muscat de Frontignan.

Mavito ya Nwana

E handle ka Muscat de Blanc à Petite Grains na Muscat Frontignan, misinya leyi yitiveka tani hi Gelber Muskateller e Germany na Muscat Canelli e California. Kasi leyi ya lawa yotshuka yitiveka tani hi Brown Muscat e Australia.

Vuhumelerisi e Afrika Dzonga

Muscadel yive tinwana ta letinga tirhisiwa kuhumelerisa wayeni yo sungula ya tiko ra Afrika Dzonga, khale ka malembe hi 1659, malembe nyana endzhaku kaloko Jan van Riebeeck atava a fikile e Cape. Muscadel yo basa na yotshuka, xikanwe na Pontac yo tshuka, Frontignac yo basa na Steen, tihlayiwa eka tiwayeni leti nga endla leswaku tiwayeni tonyanganya ta Constantia eka mepe kwalomuya ka malembe yava 18th na 19th Century.

Ti wayeni leti tivuye tiduma swinene ematikweni mambe, titlhela ti tsakeriwa swinene etihubyeni totala tale Europe, laha tinga ndhundhuzeriwa hi vaphati na vatsari. Jane Austen’s Mrs Jennings in Sense and Sensibility, xikombiso, undhundhuzerile kantsongo “Constantia for its healing powers on a disappointed heart”, kasi Charles Baudelaire eka xiphato xa yena Les fleur du mal (Flowers of Evil) laha axikatsakanyiwa na rirhandzu ra varhandziwa vayena.

Kutlhela kuva na swiviko swaleswaku Napoleon Bonaparte u komberile bodlhela rinwe laha a etlele kona loko anga se lova. Nkarhi wa yona wuvuye wu xaxa endzhaku ka kufika ka switsotswana swa Phylloxera, leswinga hlasela masimu etikweni hinkwaro, laha swinga fikela na tiko ra Afrika Dzonga hi 1886.

Kusuka kona swimilani swiye swiya byariwa laha switsotswani leswi aswingaha koti ku fikelela, laha hinkarhi wakona swivuye swiyisiwa eka matiko yale North America. Afrika Dzonga ariri tiko roxe leri kuya fika kwahala kava 20th Century leri ari humelerisa wayeni yo tshuka nayo basa ya Muscadel. Leswi swivuye swicinca hiku famba ka nkarhi laha kubyariwa ka Muscadel yo tshuka swinga vuya swihunguteka.

Tindzhawu ta Vuhumelerisi

Hambi leswi tindzhawu ta vuhumelerisi tinga hunguteka swinene kuya hi malembe, masimu ya madiriva yaha kumeka swinene eka tindzhawu ta vuhumelerisi laha tikweni. Robertson Valley yina masimu yotala swinene ya Muscadel laha kutlula ka hafu ya wona kunga ya vona. Madiriva lawa humelerisaka wayeni yotshuka yihanya kahle eka misava ya alkaline, deep alluvial kunga misava yale Klein Karoo, kasi lawa ya yobasa ya hanya kahle eka misava ya loamy. Hivumbirhi ka yona yihanya kahle eka maxelo lawa yanga oma swinene.

Kukula

Minsinya yakona ayikulangi ngopfu kufana na khazi wa kona, Muscat d’ Alexandrie (leyi tivekaka tanihi Hanepoot e Afrika Dzonga). Hintolovelo wufika eka 15 t/ha kuya eka 20 t/ha, kasi ku andza ka wona swanonoka swinene.

Ku Vupfa

Ya vupfa hiku hatlisa exikarhi ka nguva, kusukela eka vhiki ra vunharhu ra nhweti ya February.

Mihandzu

Mihandzu yakona ayikulangi ngopfu naswona iya xirhendzevutani. Mihandzu leyi iya xitshopani kuya eka rihlaza, kasi leyi humelerisaka leyo tshuka yona yisuka eka kubasuluka kuya kaku tshuka ko dzwihala nakona swiya hiku yakumeka kwihi.

Matluka

Matluka ya minsinya leyi yiri yimbirhi iya rihlaza ro dzwihala, ya bumbula, yava xirhendzevutani na swiphemu swinharhu.

Switsotswana na Mavabyi

Minsinya leyi yikarhatiwa swinene hi kuhisa ka dyambu, yi chava ngopfu white rust, downy mildew, anthracnose, botrytis xikanwe na sour rot.

Switirhisiwa

Ya tirhisiwa ngopfu kuhumelerisa wayeni yo basa na yotshuka leyi xavisiwaka e hansi ka vito ra Muscadel. Kova yantsongo swinene lawa ya humelerisaka wayeni yonyanganya.

Nantswo

Wayeni wuna kunandziha kakahle swinene kuya hi malembe yayona eka tinxaka hinkwato. Leti tinga endliwa kuva tinwiwa hiku hatlisa titala kuva na nantswo wa madiriva na nuhelo wakahle, kasi letinga pfumeleriwa kuva tiheta nkarhi titala kuva tifuwile hi nantswo wa mihandzu na vulombe, caramel na toffee.Translated by Ike Ngobeni