Kuya hi muxaka lowu tirhisiwaka, cowpeas tingava leti navaka ti phasaphasa hinkwako (ku fana na Dr Saunders) kumbe ti nava (kufana na Bechuana White). Muxaka lowu phasaphasaka wu khandziya e henhla wutirhisiwa tani hi furu eka swifuwo kumbe tani hi swimilani. Ti cowpeas tinga byariwa tani hi ximilani xokatsela kumbe ku cinca cinca ximilani naswona tikota ku kondzelela dyandza. Leswi i swibyariwa leswinga tala hiti protein leswi siyaka nitrogen eka misava leswaku yita pfuna swibyariwa leswi swinga milaka kumbe kubyariwa eka misava yoleyo.
Ku ehleketeleriwa leswaku tinyawa ta misava hinkwayo ta lembe tikwalomu ka 12,5 million ha laha letinga byaleriwa ku dyiwa hi vanhu tinga le ka 3 million tons. West na Central Africa i tindzhawu leti fambaka emahlweni hiku byala tinyawa laha swinga kwalomu ka 64% ya leyi ehleketeleriwaka ya 3 million tons ya tinyawa. Nigeria hiyona yifambaka emahlweni emisaveni hinkwayo hiku byala tinyawa, yilandzeriwa hi Brazil. E Australia nale Asia ti cowpeas tibyaleriwa kuva tidyiwa hi swifuwo kumbe tani hi swimilani swotatisela kumbe swiya endliwa manyoro kuta pfuneta misava ni nitrogen naku pfuneta kululamisa ti microbes ta nitrogen.
Laha Afrika Dzonga ti cowpeas tikumeka e North West, Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal na xifundzha xa Mpumalanga.
Ku dya ti Cowpeas
Ti cowpeas tinga swekiwa kumbe ti byabyisiwa endzhaku ko lovekiwa e matini vusiku hinkwabyo. Kutani tiswekiwa na matsavu yan’wana ku endla supu, kumbe ku cheriwa eka swakudya swin’wana. Tinyawa ta furexe, kumbe letinga se kulaka kahle ta virisiwa tani hi matsavu.Matluka yanga khiwa kutani ya swekiwa tani hi matsavu kufana na xipinichi kambe miroho yakona yinga omisiwa kutani yitirhisiwa tani hiku yimela ti protein.
Mbewu ya rihlaza minkarhi yinwana ya katingiwa kufana na timanga, yi kandziwa yitirhisiwa ya ematshan’weni ya kofi. Tinyawa leti kandziweke titala ku katsiwa na tinyala na swipayisisi kutani swi katingiwa e mafurheni.
E Limpopo nale xifundzheni xa Mpumalanga matluka yati cowpea ya tshoveriwa yaha tsakama tani hi matsavu kululamisela supu kumbe ya omisiwa kuva yaya tirhisiwa eka nkarhi lowutaka.
Ti cowpeas tile henhla hi iron (Fe), potassium (P), vitamin B9, ti fuwile hi fiber, protein (kufika eka 24%), mafurha yale hansi naswona tina ti amino acids to hambana hambana.
Ku Phameriwa Swifuwo ti Cowpeas
Ti cowpeas ta byariwa kuva tita dyiwa hi swifuwo – tani hi hay xikan’we naku endla silage. Silage yihlayisiwa tani hi swakudya swa swifuwo, leswinga lulamela ku tirhisiwa himinkarhi ya dyandza.Ti cowpea silage ti endliwa hiku tirhisiwa ka matluka lawa yanga katsiwa na matluka ya rihlaza ya mavele kumbe sorghum kutani swigandliwa swiva swa rihlaza, laha swiphutseriwaka hi plastiki, swikariwa xikanwe naku humesiwa moya, kutani switshikiwa switshama.
Ti cowpeas tinga humesa mbuyelo wa kahle wa khwalithi yale henhla lowunga oma. Ehansi ka xiyimo lexinga oma, mbuyelo wa furu ra ti cowpea wuva kwalomu ka 2 kuya eka 3 ton loko swi omile/ha, kambe mbuyelo wa fika eka 8 t DM/ha lowunga tsarisiwa eka tindzhawu leti cheletiwaka.
Swakudya swa kahle ku phamela swifuwo swinga kumeka eka tindzhawu leti ti cowpeas tibyariwaka endzhawini yin’we na mavele.
Swimilani leswi milaka ehenhla ka misava swa cowpea, ehandle ka ti pods, titirhisiwa tani hi swakudya swa swifuwo. Van’wamapurasi lava tshovelaka no hlayisa furu rati cowpea himinkarhi ya tinguva to oma vanga vuyeriwa kuya fika eka 25 % wa mali leyi vayi endlaka hi lembe hikuva va xavisa furu leri.Translated by Ike Ngobeni