Kunciphisa

Kunciphiswa Kwesihlahla Semagrabisi

©Louise Brodie
Pruning is done by hand during the winter months of July and August.
Sihlahla semagrabisi sihlahla lesikijimako, nangabe singanciphiswa sitoba nawo emagrabisi kepha atoba mancane. Ngekunciphisa lesihlahla kahle, sima ngendlela lefanele, futsi sikhipha emagrabisi lasezingeni lelisetulu. Kunciphisa kungasentjetiswa kwenta sihlahla sikhule ngendlela lenamandla. Nakunciphiswa, leligala leselibe nawo emagrabisi liyasuswa, phindze nalawo magala langafuneki ayasuswa. Kunciphisa kwentiwa ebusika.
Kunciphisa kwentelwa kutsi sihlahla sime ngalendlela lefunekako. Loku kusho kutsi loku lokusebentiswa kusekela sihlahla kusebenta kancane. Kwesibili, kunciphisa kahle kwenta siciniseko kutsi titjalo tiba tinhle. Kunciphisa kahle kumcoka ngoba kunciphisa umsebenti wekusekela sihlahla phindze loku kwenta umoya nelilanga kungene kahle etihlahleni. Emagala emagrabisi nawo akhula kahle ngekulingana. Kwenta umhlabatsi uvundze netimphandze tihambe kahle.
Kunciphisa kanye nekutsi sihlahla sikhicita kangakanani kuhlukana ngetihlahla, phindze kungaya nenhlanyelo lesebentisiwe kuye ngendzawo nemaketse lapho emagrabisi atosebentiswa khona.

Tindlela Tekunciphisa Tihlahla Temagrabisi

Spur pruning; yindlela yekunciphisa sihlahla lapho khona emagala ayisuswa, kusale linye noma mabili. Lendlela lena isebentiswa kakhulu emagrabisini ekwenta liwayini. Lesihlahla lesincane lesinalamagala lamabili naso sibitwa ngekutsi ispur.
Kunciphisa emkhatsisini; kunciphisa lapho khona tihlahla tigcinwa tisemkhatsisini ngebudze. Kujwayele kusebentiswa kuma ‘table grapes’ noma kufuneka umkhicito losetulu welihlobo lenhlanyelo.
Guyot pruning; kunciphiswa kwesihlahla kutsi kusale emagala lamabili lanetitfombo letisiphohlongo lentilwa kusebentiswa ngesikhatsi lesitako. Lihlobo leGuyot pruning livame kusebenta emaveni apheshe netilwandle labandza kakhulu, etinhlanyelweni letingavundzanga kakhulu njenge iCabernet, iPinoti Noir phindze neSauvignon Blanc. Bantfu labakwati kunciphisa kahle bayadzingeka.
Kunciphisa lokudze: indlela yekunciphisa lapho khona titjalo emagaleni tishiwa tibe ngemashumi lamabili kuya kumashumi lasihlanu. Isebentiswa kakhulu kuSultana variety. Lokuhle ngalendlela lena yekunciphisa kutsi kuba nesivuno lesihle etinhlanyelweni letinyenti. Inking lekhona kutsi kunyenti kusebenta ngetandla lokudzingekako.
Kunciphisa ngemishini: kwentiwa ngemishini lecijile lejubako. Tikhona letinye tindlela njenge sikero lesenta lokujupha kuphangise.
Kunciphisa emahlatsi etihlahla: kufana ne spur pruning kanye neKunciphisa lokudze, kepha umtimba ujubwa ngaphandle kwaletitfombo. Letihlahla kufanele tihlalwe tivuliwe, ibhola kufanele ikhone kundlula.

Tigaba Tekunciphisa

©Louise Brodie
A team of women pruners in the Hex Valley.
Kujuba ngetulu, phindze kubitwa ngekutsi kulungisela kunciphisa, ngulapho khona umtimba wesihlahla unciphiswa langetulu uphindze ususwe emawayeleni. Kujuba ngetulu kwentiwa nangabe hafu wemacembe sekawile. Kulingisela kunciphisa kusita nasekufike sikhatsi sekunciphisa sekungentiwa ngemushini noma kwentiwe basebenti labangakaceceshwa. Nawusebentisa kunciphisa lokudze, kujuba ngetulu akudzingeki.
Kunciphisa lokuhlobile ngulapho khona tonkhe letintfo letikhulako letingadzingeki siyasuswa esihlahleni.
Kunciphisa lokufishane sigaba sekugcina sekunciphisa lapho titfombo tinciphiswa kutsi tibe sezingeni lelidzingekako.

Sikhatsi Sekunciphisa

©Louise Brodie
Pruning begins when the all the leaves have fallen.
Sikhatsi sekunciphisa simcoka kakhulu. Ngalokujwayelekile sikhatsi sekunciphisa sicala lapho khona emacembe sekawile khona, ekucaleni kwenyanga yeInhlaba. Umtsetfo kutsi kusheshe unciphise kwenta tihlahla tikhule kahle, kepha kunciphisa emuva kwesikhatsi kwenta umhlabatsi uvundze loku kwenta sivuno sibe sihle. Kuvele kwetitfombo kungamiswa ngemaviki lamabili kuya kulamatsatfu phindze kinciphisa emuva kwesikhatsi kungasebentiswa etindzaweni lapho sitfwatfwa simosha lokuhlanyelwe. Kunciphisa lokufishane lokwentiwa emuva kwesikhatsi ngenyanga yeIngci kungenta titfombo tikhule kakhulu.
Tihlahla letikhula kakhulu tingasheshwa tinciphiswe, emuva kwekuvuna, lapho khona emacembe asakhula. Loku kwentelwa kunciphisa lokusele phindze kunciphise kukhula ngesikhatsi lesitako. Ngaletinye tinhlanyelo njengeHanepoot, kungumbono lomuhle kwenta kunciphisa lokuhlobile kanye nalokufishane ngesikhatsi sinye.

Kubamba Lokujubiwe

©Louise Brodie
Pruned cuttings are left in the vineyard row. This is later cut up to serve as a mulch.
Loku kumcoka kakhulu kulabanye balimi, bantfu labajubako bayatjelwa basengakajubi kutsi bakushiyephi losekujubiwe. Kulahlelwa emkhatsisini wemalayini, lapho emuva kwesikhatsi kuyajubwa kube kuncane, kujubwa ngabhusha kutsi kusebente njengalokuvala lokuhlanyelwe.
Kujubwa kube kuncane kufatwe emacele kwalapho kuhlanyelwe khona.
Kujikwa emalayinini – ngalekujwayelekile lapho tihlahla letivalako tingakahlanyelwa khona – kutsi tijubwe ngabhusha emuva kwesikhatsi tisebentiswe kuvala lokuhlanyelwe.

Kujuba lapho sihlahla silimele khona Nakunciphiswa

©Louise Brodie
Pruning wounds should be treated against fungal infections.
Lapho sihlahla sijubwe khona emuva kwekunciphiswa siyanakekelwa kuvikela tifo. Kuvikela tifo nakunciphiswa kuyehlukana ngemasimi, kepha kumcoka kunganciphisi imvula nayina. Tibonelo tekunakekela tifo:
Geza kahle sikero nawucedza lilayini.
Futsa ifungacide lapho ucedza kujuba khona esihlahleni.
Faka intfo levimbako lapho ucedza kujuba khona nakundlula kusihlanu khoni yemali ngebukhulu.
Futsa ngeTrichoderma, indlela lekahle yekuvikela kilondza talapho kunciphiswe khona.

Kunakekelwa Kwetintfo Tekunciphisa

©Gys FELCO
Equipment needed to care for pruning scissors
Kulungisela sikhatsi sekunciphisa nekwenta tintfo tekujuba tihlale tiphilile, kufanele wente loku lokulandzelako:
Geza letikero tekujuba ngesitsawula lesifakwe etjwaleni noma nge hydrogen peroxide. Geza kahle letikero ngekukhipha emabhawodi lahlanganisa lesikero nawucedza kunciphisa ngalesosikhatsi.
Lesipring kufanele sihlale sicine kahle futsi sihlale sihlobile sifakwe na oyili kancance.
Kwenta siciniseko kutsi lensimbi ayigobi futsi ihlala icijile.
Sikero lesingakemi kahle sitokwenta udzinwe futsi ilimate tintfo.
Cijisa letintfo tekujuba. Kucijisa letindzaweni letifanele kwenta sikero sijube kahle. Tintfo tekujuba kufanele tihlalle tisulwa kahle emuva kwekusebentiswa.

Translated by Thandokuhle Motha