Ukwehlisa ikhwalithi yehlabathi eSewula Africa kusisenzo esikhulu esisabisa zokulima zeSewula Africa. Imbalobalo ezivela eemfundweni ezahlukehlukeneko zitjengisa bona iSewula Africa inezinga eliphasi le-organic matter – elingaba yi-58%, njeke ihlabathi ine-carbon engaphasi kwe-0.5% carbon, begodu line-4% engaba yinengi kune-2% kanye ne-organic carbon.
Ihlabathi enenani le-organic matter elingaphasi kwe-2% ibonwa njengehlabathi efileko ngombana ayinazo izakhi ezaneleko (i-carbon) yokobana yondle amagciwani. Ihlabathi nani elingaphasi kwe-2% ye-OM litlhoga isivundisi.
HIangana kwezinto eziphilako izinto ekhe zaphila, amagciwani wehlabathi (i-yeast, iinkowani, namabacteria njlnjl) kanye nehumasi. Kunomthombo omkhulu wezakhi, i-microbiological energy, begodu ibamba amanzi kanye nezakhi, igcugcuzela ukwakheka kwemirabhu, ukutlameka kwehlabathi yokubolekwa kanye nokuziphatha kokwanda kwamanzi.
Ukuvunda kwehlabathi akukaqaliswa ekubeni kube nezakhi ezaneleko ehlabathini ukwenzela isikhathi sayo sokutjala, kodwana kwenzelwe nokobana kufake nezinto eziphilako ehlabathini. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokutjala umanyoro ohlaza, nokuzonjeleziswa kwesitjalo kanye nekhompowusti. Ihlabathi kufanele ilingane, ilitje, i-ilime kanye neposhospahte eselitjeni kanye nezinye izinto eziphilako ehlabathini zingasetjenziswa. Amagciwani asehlabathini, iinkowani i-algae, yeast, kanye ne-earthworms – ekungeqalelele ukuvunda kwehlabathi. Amagciwani la alilunga eliqakathekile ekubeni neplasi eliphumeleleko. Amagadango aqakathekileko wokwenza qhono zepilo yehlabathi.
Umqopho wokuvundisa ihlabathi kukobana ibe nezakhi mzimba ezaneleko zesikhathi sokutjala sakhona kodwana kwenzelwa nokungezel:
Sebenzisa izinto eziphilako ehlabathini ngombana zikhulisa ama-bacteria. Amagciwani wehlabathi angathengwa afakwe ehlabathini.
Ungalimi ihlabathakho khulu. Nawulima ihlabathi khulu kwenza bona ukwakheka kwayo kuphuke begodu kunciphisa ukuvunda kwehlabathi.
Yenza nqhono ukuvala kwehlabathi - ihlabathi kufanele ivalwe ngemetheriyali yeentjalo enengi ngendlela okungarhonakala ngayo. Lokhu kuzokukhandela ukurhurhuleka kwehlabathi, ukurhwamuka ukungatlhogekiko kanye nokukhula kwekhula. Kurhelebha nokungezelela i-biodiversity yehlabathi. Ihlabathi ingavalwa ngeentjalo njengoba kutjhiwo ngaphambilini.
Ngezelela iintjalo ze-bio-diversity. i-Bio = life kanye nokuhlukana. Umkhiqizi wezinto ezakhe zaphila kufanale alinge ukubanemihlobohlobo eminengi lapha kukhiqizwa khona. Kufanele kufakwe iintjalo, iinunwana, iingongwana, iinkowani kanye nama-bacteria.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana