Umtjhado Ngesiko lamaXhosa

© Dr Peter Magubane

Imithetho yesiko lomtjhado wamaNguni

Umtjhado ngokwesiko ( abakhambisani bomtjhado gade bafunwa esiqhemi sabantu abazinhlobo),ekade kumhlobo ohlukileko wesiqhema samaNguni. Untwine money nominee wamaNguni ubelethelwa ekorweni ethize, begodu gade kumlandu omkhulu kobana ende ekorweni leyo.

Hlangana namaXhosa, ekhabe velethelwe ekorweni yamaNguni egade ihlobene nenye, ekhabe balandela umthetho, umtjhado khabe ungakavunyelwa eenkorwenezo zabo boke abokhokho abatjha. Lokha umfazi nakendako gade ahlala nendodakhe kanye nomndenayo.

Umtjhado nawo gade kungasi wabantu ababili kwaphela, begodu amakhosi kanye namadoda aregileko anemihlambi emikhulu yenkomo gade athatha abafazi abanengi, kwesinye isikhathi abafazi bayo gade baze bafike kwabane.Khabe bavamise kobana bahlukaniswe, ngobujamo ngokuya ngezindlu ezihlukahlukeneko. Hlangana namaXhosa, khabe izindlu zihlukaniswa ngokobana yindlu ekulu nanyana indlu esesandleni sokudla. 

Umfazi omkhulu

Umfazi omkhulu gade khabe kulindeleke kobana abelethe indlalifa nanyana indodana, indodana endala, ekhabe iyindlalifa khabe athatha isikhundla uyise nakabhubhako- sokuba yikosi nanyana ihloko yomuzi lokha uyise nakabhubhako.

Umfazi omkhulu wekosi kade avamis ukuba ngumma osebujameni obuphezulu, ayindodana yekosi ebomakhelwani (abathwa nanyana indlovukazi yabaThembu).Indodana esebenza esandleni sokudla sendoda, kanye nendodana elizibulo yomfazi wesandla sokudla, kade naye ayihloko yomuzi wekosi, anefuyo yakhe, abantu abantu abondlako kanye nabalandeli bakhe.

Nanyana kunjalo gade kutlhogeka kobana akhulise ubukhosi bakhe ngokobana ajoyinise abanye abantu abangakanzisi nanyana imindeni engakazinzi nanyana abatjha.Abanye abafazi gade batjhadelwa ukusekela (babizwa bona maqadi) izindlu ezikulu ezimbili nazo gade zihlukaniswa ngobujamo ngendlela yakhona. 

Into enye eqakathekileko egade yenza bona ikosi itjhade umfazi okhulu lada ,ngemva kokobana ibe neminye imitjhado ,kwakukukobana indodana ekulu kanye nendlalifa gade ziba zincani kunendodana yesandleni sokudla yekosi esele inelwazi.

Lokhu gade kurholela ekobaneni kube nokukarbhana hlangana namadodana la.Ipi hlangana kwemadodana  amabili la, ekuyindodana yesandla sokudla kanye nendodana eyindlalifa ingarholela kobana omunye aketule arhulumende womunye. Nakungasinjalo kungarholela ekutheni kube nokukarabhana kanye nokuhlukana esigodlweni ngokwaso, ekufana nokuhlukana hlangana kwamaRharhabe kanye namaGcaleka.

Lokha indoda inabafazi abanengi, ekhabe kungakavami ebantwini abangasi ngebebukhosini, umfazi wayo wokuthoma khabe abamfazi omdala kuthi izibulo lakhe eliyindodana libe yindlalifa. Abafazi besithenjini ngamunye gade anendlwakhe kanye nenkomo, nesiphila sokondla umndenakhe. Indoda esebenza esandleni sekosi sokudla gade ivamise ukuba nomuzayo wayo yodwa kude nesigodlweni.

Iinkulumiswano Zomtjhado

©Dr Peter Magubane

Ukudluliselana kwenkomo(ubukhazi)obusuka emndenini kamkhwenyani ziya emndenini kamakoti zidlala indima yokubopha umtjhad, begodu zisincephezelo sakababa likamakoti ngokuloba imisebenzi yendodana yakhe kwakhe. Iinkulumiswano zomtjhado hlangana kwemindeni emibili le, zingaba budis, khulukhulu naziza ekutheni, bafuna iinkomo ezingakhi.

Ukudluliselana kwenkomo, kusebenza njengetjhorensi; yokobana umakoti nanga angaphathwa kuhle emzini wakhe omutjha nanyana umdeni wakhe omutjha, angabuyela ekhabo kuthi umndeni wekhabo ndodakhe ulobe iinkomo ezikhiphileko.Indoda ethole iinkomo ngokobana yendise indodana yayo, ingasebenzisa iinkomezo ukuzitholela omunye umfazi nanyana angasebenzisa iinkomezo ukurhelebha indodana yayo kobana ithathe umfazi.

Njeke ukudluliselana ngenkomo emtjhadweni gade kuyindlela yokusabalalisa umnotho kamakoti, lokha umfazi aye kwelinye ihlangothi ngenkomo. Amamitjhinari, gade akholelwa kobana ilobolo kuthengiswa komfazi, begodu angafuni bona lenziwe. 

Nanyana imitjhado kuvamise kobana yenzelwe ekeregeni nanyana ekhotho kaMarhastrada, mvanje, ilobolo alikapheli nya, nanyana kwanjesi sekuvamise kobana kubhadelwe imali kunokobana kuthengwe iinkomo. Imitjhado yesintu gade kungasiyindlela elula yokwenza bona ubuhlobo bobullili obuhlukeneko bube semthethweni ngomqopho wokobana babelethe abentwana. Okuqakathekile khulu, khabe litlhadlhula ukuhlangana kwemindeni emibili hlangana kwemindeni emibili, ekwakulibanga lokobana imindeni yekoro yinye ingavunyelwa kobana ithathane.

Injwayelo etja Kamakoti

Ngemva komtjhado umakoti ufana nesivakatjhi emndenininakhe omutjha. Kutlhogeka kobana atjengise ihlonipho, ebabelethini bendodakhe kanye nebantwini abadala bomuzi, bekangakavunyelwa kobana angene ngendlini abuya esangweni, kufanele avale ngemva kwezindlu, begodu gade angakavunyelwa ukungena esibayen.

Kodwana umfazi owendele emzini gade abancono ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, abafazi abasesikhathini gade kuqatjangwa kobana basilaphazekile, kodwana gade bangakavunyelwa kobana bangene esibayeni senkomo. 

Ngemva kokuqeda ukuya emalangeni nasele babadala, ubujamo babo, gade bubuyela esigeni bulingane nebamadoda. Gade babavumela kobana bayokusela utjwala obugayelweko, nokobana bahlabe nanyana benze umhlatjelo, bavunyelwe godu nokobana babheme ngepeyipu ede.

Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana