Ukuqakatheka Kokubekwa Kwamanzi Wezulu Kanye Nokutlhogonyelwa Kwayo

© Sustainable Sanitation Alliance

Indlela ezingasi zihle zokutlhogonyelwa kwehlabathi ezingasizihle zirholela ekurhurhulekeni kwehlabathi nekonakaleni kwayo. Ungezelele ngesomiso esikhona emanzini ahlala ngaphasi kwehlabathi begodu imiphumela yayo kukobana kube namaplasi angakhiqiziko, abalimi abangatlhogomeli amaplasi wabo, banciphisa umkhiqizo wokudla bangezelela umtlhago.

Amanzi wezulu abekwako atlhogomele abahlali bakade ukusukela eminyakeni eyi-3000 eyadlulako. Namhlanje amanzi wezulu abekwako yindlela ethembekako esetjenziswa bakhiqizi abancani kanye nalabo abalimi abatjala ngomncopho wokwenza inzuzo. Ukungezelela, amanzi atlhogonyelwako aqakathekile ukuqiniseka kobana kunamanzi azokusetjenziswa eskhathini esizako kanye nensetjenziswa ezaneleko zokungezelela ukulima.

Yini Ukubekwa Kwamanzi Wezulu?

©Marinda Louw

Amanzi wezulu abekwako kulokha amanzi wezulu abuthelelelwa ukusetjenziselwa ukulima nanyana asetjenziswe ngendlini. Iindlela zokubuthelela amanzi wezulu kubalwa hlangana ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokubuthelelwa nokubekwa kwamanzi. Amanzi angabekwa emadreyinini wemvelo afana nemilambo ethola amanzi avela ngaphasi kwehlabathi kanye nemasenkeni abuya emizini.Amanzi wezulu angabekwa ngamathunga ,amatanka nanyana amadamu.Eskhathini esinengi amanzi wezulu abekwa emadamini angatjhingeliko lapha asetjenziselwa ukuthelelela kodwana avunyelwe ukobana angabijwa ehlabathini ukobana ahlale njengamanzi wangaphasi kwehlabathi. Amanzi wangaphasi kwehlabathi sitjho amanzi aphuma eenzibeni kanye nakuma-boreholes.

Yini Ukutlhogonyelwa Kwamanzi?

Ukutlhogonyelwa kwamanzi kuvikelwa ,kuthuthukiswa kanye nokutlhogonyelwa kuhle kwamanzi. Nakuthelelelwako, ukutlhogonyelwa kwamanzi kutlhoga bona amanzi amanengi angene ehlabathini, ukobana angaqedwa lilanga. Hlangana kwembonelo zokutlhogonyelwa kwamanzi kubalwa ezilandelako. Sebenzisa amanzi amahlandla amanengana - njengokusebenzisa amanzi egade kuhlwengiswa ngawo kobana kuthelelwe imirorho. Thelelela iintjalo ungoni - ungatheleli amalanga amanengi kodwana thelelela kuhle begodu ungatheleleli nakutjhisako. Lungisa iimpopo ezivuzako kanye namaphayiphi. Tjala iintjalo zendabukp kanye nentjalo ezifanelana nobujamo bezulu balapha  kanye nebhoduluko.

Hlangana Nembonelo Zokutlhogonyelwa Kwamanzi Kubalwa

Yini ehlanganisa ihlabathi kanye namanzi? Ihlabathi mthombo omkhulu obeka amanzi begodu ukwakheka kuhle kwayo kurhelebha kobana abekeke kuhle. Izinga lokubekeka kwamanzi ehlabathini liya ngezinto ezifana nomhlobo wehlabathi, nange iitjalo zitjalwe ehlabathini, indlela ihlabathi eyakheke ngayo kanye nokobana yehlela kangangani.

Lokha amanzi abekwe ehlabathini, imirabhu yentjalo izokurhona ukuthola imithombo yamanzi. Njeke ukutlhogonyelwa kwamanzi kuqakathekile ukobana ihlabathi ihlale ivundile eentjalweni ezitjaliweko ukobana ilethele umthombo wamanzi eentjalweni. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokobana ihlabathi ivalwe ngezinto ezifana nensalela zentjalo. Lokhu kungezelela amanzi angena ehlabathini kunciphise amazinga womtjhiso ehlabathini, okunciphisa ukuphela amanzi ehlabathini.

Ezinye Isibonelo zokutlhogonyelwa kwehlabathi kubalwa ukungapetwa kwehlabathi nanyana kobana ipetwe kancani, ukusetjenziswa komanyoro ohlaza satjani ngombala kanye nokuvala ihlabathi ngentjalo ezivala ihlabathi. Amanzi ahlala ngaphasi kwehlabathi ngemva kokuna kwezulu, lapha adoswa lula yihlabathi lokha nayipetiweko.

Ubuhle Bokubuthelelwa Kwamanzi Wezulu

Ukubuthelelwa kwamanzi wezulu kunobuhle obunengi. Lokha nawubeka amanzi wezulu ehlabathini ekhuphukelako nanyana endundumeni, kungakhandela ukurhurhuleka kwehlabathi okubangwa mamanzi agijimako ngemva kokobana kune izulu elikhulu. Amanzi wezulu abekwa ezintweni zokuwabeka ngebanga lokobana kulula ukuzakha, begodu akutlhogi imethiriyali ebizako begodu azitjhwenyi.

Ukubeka amanzi wezulu kuphungula iskhathi sokubuthelela amanzi lapha athathwa khona kanye nemilambo begodu kungarhelebha ngendlini kobana kube namanzi, khulukhulu lokha amanzi wezulu nakabuya wmasenkeni.

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana