Ukubhina Kanye Nokugida Esikweni LesiVenda

Incenye Yepilo yamaVenda

©Dr Peter Magubane

Umbhino kanye nokugida zizinto ezikhona epilweni yamaVenda, lapha zenziwa khona emitjhadweni kanye nemingcwabeni, kanye nengomeni, nakuselwa ibhiya kanye neminyanyeni. Ukugida kuqakathekile nemasontweni azijameleko lapha amaVenda akeraga khona. Abanye ababhini badlala iingoma ezithandwako kanye nengoma zesonto, kodwana zikhona nengoma zesintu zakade ezitjhugululwe zenziwa isimanjemanje.

Izinto zokudlala umbhino, ingoma kanye nokugida kutjengisa ubujamo kanye namandla, begodu kukhambelana nezekolo. Izinto ezinengi zokwenza umbhino ezaqimela kwezinye iinarha e-Africa zisasetjenziswa. I-mbila – (xylophone), mbira – (imborompita) thsikona (emafludi enziwe ngemigaba), izinto zokwenza umbhino ezenziwe ngentambo, mirumba (iingubhu), ngoma (iingubhu ezenza i-bass) kanye ne-thungwa (iingubhu ezifana ne-ngoma, kodwana ezincani). 

Iinkosi zesese ne-tshikona, irhono lazo ekhabe litjengisa amandla kanye nepumelelo, yabantu bayo. Iingubhu, ngelinye iphawu lobukhosi, esikhathini esidlulileko kade zidlalwa ekhotho.

Abentwana abencani kade bagcugcuzelwa kobana balingisele abantu abadala nababhinako nanyana nabagidako. Nasele bakhulile kade bacula iingoma zabentwana - (nyimbo dza vhana): nyimbo, ekumaqulo alula aqulwa emini kanye ne-ngano ekumaqulo aqulwa entambama, khulukhulu nakuvunwako (mavhuya – haya). Zokugcina zingoma zendatjana, ezivamise kobana ziqulwe babantu abadala kanye nabantwana bobulili obahlukahlukeneko.

i-dzhombo ibonwa ngokobana kubenesiga esenziwako, yenzeka entambama nakukhanyisa inyezi e-mavhuyahaya. Abentazana kanye nabesana bayaqalana, bese babetha izandla, bagide ngokutlhegana emalayinini. Ogidako uthinta umuntu wobulili obuhlukileko kunebakhe ukutjengisa bona ufuna yena. Iingomezi zimnandi ziyagideleka kunezomhlobo we-nyimbo kanye ne-ngano.

Indlela amaVenda Agida Ngawo

©Dr Peter Magubane

Igido elithandwa maVenda khulu eligidwa babantu abatjha ngaphambi kokobana batjhade libizwa bona yi-tshikanganga kanye ne-tshigombela. Kumagido aqakathekileko epilweni yomuntu, kodwana ubufakazi butjengisa bona akasimadala khulu.

I-tshikanganga ligido elimsinya lapha abesana badlala khona ifludi eyenziwe ngomgaba balandelwe bentaza bababethele i-thungwaa kanye nemirumba. Bayigidela ukuzithabisa, kodwana kufanele kobana bathole imvume yokwenza njalo ekosini. I-tshigombela, sabentazana senziwa nakuvunwako nanyana ngaphambi kokobana kuvunwe. Silandelwa yi-thungwa linye kanye nengubhu - mirumba, umntazana uthoma ingoma banye bamlandele, bese bayagida baphambane nelithi lewatjhi bazombeleze isigubhu.

Umhlobo wegido i-malombo sigaba sesibili sokuphatha umuntu (okuvamise kobana kube mumuntu wengubo) obanjwe mumoya onganakhaya (itshilombo). Nange umfazi agula, bese isangoma sikhombisa kobana une-tshilombo, kufanela atlhogonyelwe ngokukhethekileko. Esigabeni sokuthoma, isangoma - (maine a tshele) wenza kobana umfazi loyo angenwe lidlozi, okwenza bona atsirimezeke, ebese imulapha ngenhlanhla ngemva kwalokho ibawe imimoya kobana izitjengise kanye nemfiso zayo. Imimoya ibese ithulwa emzimbeni womfazi loyo.

Esigabeni sesibili, isangoma sibese naso sigida nezinye amalombo. Ukugidokho kwenzeka e-khoro (ejaridini) lekosi, eboleka umphakathi ezinye zezinto zayo zokwenza ingungu. Umoya ongena emfazini loyo uvamise kobana ube ngoduna, begodu abafazi abangenwe ngiwo benza izinto njengamadoda, bembatha izembatho zamadoda (imbaji, amathayi kanye nengwani) begodu baphatha izinto ezifana nemiqibilitjho, amazembe kanye nemikhonto lokhu kurholele ekutheni amalombo ligido eliphikisana nokobana amadoda makhulu.

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana