Africa's Birds
Inyoni ye-Afrika

© Nigel J Dennis
African Hoopoe

Inarhakazi ye-Afrika inemihlobo eminengi ehlukahlukeneko yeenyoni emhlabeni zombelele. Kunaleyo emithathu eziphetheko, edla iimbewu, ezidla amathuthumbo kanye nalezo ezibulala bezidle ezinye nofana iinlwanyana.

Kunezincani zomhlobo odla iimbewu zaziwa ngemilomazo emincani nofana umlomo ezidobha ngawo ukudla, kuthi lezo ezibulala ezinye zibe namazipho abukhali kanye nemilomo ekghona ukuhlephula inyama. Isithalelo nofana isiqiwi seenlwani i-Kruger National Park kulikhaya leenyoni ezinengi ezidla inyana nezinye iinyoni.

Amadlanga atholakala eenkhothini zekabeni, kuthi amakhozi azwana nokuhlala emahlathini magega nemilambo nofana amadonga lapho abamba ukudla okunengi khona.

Kubayini iinyoni zifuduka?

Isizathu esikhulu sokufuduka nokuthuthuka kweenyoni kulandela iindawo ezimithombo enokudla okuncno, nokutholaka ngesikhathi sobujamo bezulu obofuthumeleko.

Ukutholakala kokudla (okuvamise ukuba ziinunwana) eenarheni lapho zihlala khona kuvamise ukuncipha ngebanga lokungena kwamakhaza. Ukudingeka kwamandla wokufukama kuzikatelela bona zithuthuke ibanga elide ukuya kezinye iinarhakazi.

Ngimuphi umehluko okhona phakathi kwamazuba wemihlobo emibili (doves & pigeons)

Kuhlekuhle awukho umehluko ongako phakathi kweenyoni embilezi, njengombana zingezomndeni owodwa. Nokho sisebenzisa ukuhluka ngobukhulu bazo ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwawo, izuba (dove) lincani kunelinyeli (pigeon).

I-pigeon ingeyomndeni omncani, lapho kwande lawo wombala ohlaza kotjani afana nama-parrots abizwa ngama-pigeons, nokho i-pigeon elijayelekileko nesihlala silibona nalo lilizuba.

Nokho ukwenzela ukungahlanganisi abantu lizakuhlala libizwa nge-pigeon.

Kubayini iinyoni eziqhoba/ ezibhora umuthi zenze bunjalo?

Iinyonezi zibhora imithi ngehloso yokuthola imizoka neembungu nofana iinlwanyana ezinganamgogodlha ngaphasi kwamaqolo womuthi. Esinye isizathu sokwemba imigodi le ngesokwakha isidleke nokuthumela umlayezo kezakwabo nofana ezifana nazo.

Ukhona umehluko phakathi kwamadada namarhansi (geese and ducks)?

Indaba yeenyonezi iyafana nomraro okhona hlangana kwamazuma (doves and pigeon), irhansi nalo lilidada. Zimalunga womndeni owodwa, zimndeni kanye ne-swan, kodwana zaphiwa amagama la eminyakeni eminengi eyadlulako.

Irhansi laphiwa igama ngokuhlukana njengombana begade libonakala liphakathi kwedada (duck) kanye ne-swan.Umehloko okhona ngewendlela aziphatha ngayo naziza ekwakheni kweendleke nalapho zihlala khona, irhansi lakha isidleke emigodini yemithi.

Amadlanga ayakghona ukuzuma?

Nanyana umzimbawo uwavumela bona angakwenza lokhu nje, iinzipho kanye nemizwanawo akasimsinya njengewezinye iinyoni ezidla ezinye nenyama.

Amadlanga kumhlobo weenyoni ezikhamba ngesiqhema/ umhlambi begodu zizala indawo bezithusele ngobunengi bazo begodu akadingi ukuzuma. Kunomunye umhlobo wamadlanga okghona ukubulala iinlwani zomhlobo onganamgogodlha, amakhondlo kanye namalamjana weempunzi.

Iinkhova zinaso isililo esizenzako/ ukupopoza?

Awa, iinkhova asipopozi kodwana zenza itjhada lokurhuba, elimlozi obanzi aseingawufanisa nokuthi ye-screech or croak. Itjhadeli iinkhova zilenza nazikhipha ummoya nofana naziphefumulako, begodu alisebenzisela ukudlulisa umlayezo nokuzikhangisa. Kutholakele bona itjhadeli zilenza khulu ngaphambi kokubekela amaqanda nokuya esidlekeni.

Ngimuphi umehluko ophakathi komhlobo wenyoni ebizwa nge-falcon namakhozi (eagles)?

Ama-falcons anamaphiko anqophileko begodu azuma asemoyeni. Akazakheli iindleke zazo, kodwana asebenzisa zamamanye amakhozi nofana zeenyoni ezidlezinye nofana akabi naso vele epilwenawo. Ikhozi linemilenze enganannisiba kanye namazipho amade nakghona ukusithela emizwanini. Akha iindleke zawo lapho atjhiya khona amadzinyana nakayokuzuma ukudla.

Kubayini iinyoni ezidla inyama nezinye iinlwanyana phezulu khulu?

Ukuphaphela phezulu kusisenzo esijayeekileko eenyonini begudu umthelelaso kuvamise ukuba bujamo obukhambisana nomtjhiso.

Loku kuphakamela emoyeni ukusuka phasi iinyoni ezikwenza ngokuvula amaphiko ngamandla eziwongileko ukwenzela bona ziphaphele phezulu khulu.

Ukujikajika ovamise ukukubona kwenzeka ukusuka ehlabathini kwenzeka lokha inyoni ilinga ukukhambisana nomoya omkhulu ophezulu.

Lokhu kwenza bonyana inyoni ibonakale ikude khulu, kungebangela zibonakala kwangathi sezathumbuka esikhaleni nje nofana emkayini.